2015年考研英语：十二大基础语法详解（37）

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词汇和语法是考研英语的基础，有了它们英语学习才能够融会贯通，不断深入。著名语言学家乔姆斯基说过，语法是内生的、也就是随着语言的诞生而诞生的。因此，学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的。可是很多同学往往都注重对词汇的积累，忽略了对语法的把握。下面新东方在线小编分享2015年考研英语：十二大基础语法详解，希望通过学习，考生能够熟练掌握语法知识，提高做题效率。
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    　　3.强调宾语。
    例如：
    It was Tom’s bike that she borrowed, not mine.
    她借的是Tom的自行车，不是我的。
    It is his dog that he’s sold, not his car. 他已卖掉的是他的狗，不是车。
    It was a cat that your dog was running after. 你的狗追的是只猫。
    4.强调宾语补足语：
    例如：
    It was wonderful that we considered his plan.
    我们认为他的计划是绝妙的。
    It is Lincoln that they named the aircraft carrier.
    他们把那艘航母命名为林肯号。
    It was captain that the team chose him. 那个队选他当的是队长。
    It was white that Tom was painting the fence.
    汤姆当时正在把篱笆涂成白色的。
    这句话的原句是： Tom was painting the fence white.
    类似的结构有：color the sun red, color the tree green, paint the wall pink
等，这里，颜色作宾语补足语。
    It is a fine player that we believe Jane.
    我们相信Jane是一个出色的选手。
    It is the Buckingham Palace that the British Queen’s office building is
called. 英国女王的办公大楼被称作白金汉宫。
    It is Cadillac that this car is named. 这辆车被命名为卡迪拉克。
    　　(二)强调谓语动词
    用“助动词do + 动词原形”来强调谓语动词。
    注意：谓语动词只有两种时态能强调，即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中，do有人称的变化，第三人称单数用does，一般过去时do
变成did。其他时态的强调通过重读谓语动词来体现。
    例如：
    You’re quite wrong?she does like you. 你错了，她真的喜欢你。
    Do come in. 快进来。
    用“助动词do + 动词原形”来强调谓语动词。
    　　1.强调一般现在时动词谓语：
    例如：
    I work hard. → I do work hard.
    She loves you. → She does love you.
    My father smokes a lot. → My father does smoke a lot.
        2.强调一般过去时动词谓语：
    例如：
    I called you in the morning.
    → I did call you in the morning.
    I attended the meeting yesterday.
    → I did attend the meeting yesterday.
    I handed in the paper yesterday.
    → I did hand in the paper yesterday.
    He wrote a letter to me yesterday.
    → He did write a letter to me.
    He came to see you yesterday.
    → He did come to see you yesterday.
        (三)其他表示强调的方式
        1.把要强调的部分放在句首：
    例如:
    That film?what do you think of it?
    Asleep, then, were you?
    2.用某些特殊的词来表示强调，如really, certainly, definitely, very等。在口语中，such 和so
都常用于强调句。
    如：
    Thank you so much.
    It was such a lovely party.
    I really enjoyed it.
    This is the very book that I am looking for. 我要找的就是这本书。
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