2016考研英语书信写作分类及技巧

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　　考研英语小作文考察形式多样，投诉信、建议信、申请信、求职信、辞职信、求助信、感谢信、号召信、邀请信、道歉信等等，总体来看，其实万宗归一，都是书信形式。所以说要攻克小作文，就必须掌握书信写作的技巧。下面就跟着新东方在线一起来看看吧。
    信函从类别上分类包括以下几种类型：建议信、投诉信、求职信、辞职信、感谢信、道歉信、表扬信、询问信等。从信函对象来分的话，包括私人信函和公务信函。
    一、英文书信格式
    缩进式：称呼顶格写，正文每段第一行向后缩进4个字母，段与段之间不空行，落款位于中间偏右的位置。
    齐头式：称呼、正文和落款均顶格写。正文中，段与段之间空一行。
    考研应用文建议大家采用缩进式格式。
    ★ 称呼
    书信写作的称呼语大致分为两种情况：

书信的情况	称呼语
1)写给团体、组织或机构的负责人	①给不认识的人	Dear Sir or Madam,/ To Whom It Many Concern
②给认识的人	性别+姓：Dear Mr. Wang     性别+职务：Dear Mr./Ms. President/Professor/Manager     职务+姓名：Dear President (James) Wang
2)写给个人	①认识，但关系不太亲密	同1）中的②
②熟人或亲属	直呼其名：Dear Mary, Dear John
注：president的含义：总统、董事长、总裁、大学校长、会长、主席等。

    　　★ 正文
    考研应用文一般有三点提纲，即三个内容要点。因此，考生应严格按照大纲要求写成三句，每句表达一个提纲要点，顺序不要打乱，做到文字条理清晰，简明准确。书信作文一般7~8句，使用3~5个关联词，3~5个从句，首尾两段可套用一些固定句型。
    　　★ 落款
    a) 落款包括结束语和署名两部分。
    b) 结束语是表示礼节的套语，写在正文下面两三行处的右侧，从中间写起，第一个词的开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。一般为“Yours
sincerely/truly,”，根据考研大纲，署名一致为Li Ming，注意不能写自己的真实姓名。另外，考研书信类不要求写日期。
   
                    

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　　二、书信写作技巧
    　　1.首段
    1)问候收信人
    例：Dear Sir/Madam
    2)解释来信原因
    例：I’m writing for ……
    2.中间段落
    1)阅读题干要求，从中寻找名词或动词
    例：Write a letter of application according to the following situation. You
saw an advertisement in this morning’s newspaper .A company need’s a secretary
and you are interested. Write an application letter to that company.
    2)注意题目文字暗示，把名词具体化，把动词近义词化。
    例：I am pleased to discover from Beijing Youth that your company is calling
for a secretary……
    　　3.结尾段落
    例：I would appreciate your assistance in this matter. If you have any
question , please don’t hesitate to contact me. I can be reached at...Look
forward to your reply.
    　　4.署名
    在文章右下角署名，一般格式为：Yours sincerely……
   
                    

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    三、书信写作模板
    　　1， 建议信
    Dear___,
    I am quite delighted to learn that_写信的原因.according to my point of
view,表述建议内容.On theone hand,提出建议的理由一. On the other hand,建议的理由二,
    With regard to 具体到某一方面的建议, I suggest建议的具体内容. If 供被建议人的选择.it is unnecessary
for you to建议内容的另一方面. What is more, 其它的建议. I am sure对建议内容所作的承诺.
    Please inform me期望被建议人作出的回应.
    Sincerely yours,
    Signature
    　　2， 投诉、批评、抱怨信
    Dear___,
    I am写信人的身份. I ventureto write you a letter concerning抱怨的内容.
    The focal point of the complaint is抱怨的中心点.forone thing,抱怨内容的一个方面.for
another,_抱怨内容的另一个方面_.honestly speaking,客观的评论.but抱怨产生的原因.
    All in all, there is still much room forimprovement. Before I take any
further action, it is my hope表达本人的愿望.Thankyou for your time and kind
consideration.
    Sincerelyyours,
    signature
    3， 道歉信
    Dear ___,
    I am tremendously sorry to tellyou that阐述道歉的理由.now, I am writing you this
letterof apology to show my deep regret. please accept my sincere apology. I
hope youwill understand me and excuse me for请求对方给予原谅的理由.
    The reason for my absence was due to造成过失的原因.I had no way out
because自己当时的处境和情况. Thereforeit is not in my power to过失产生的结果.
    Naturally, I want to suggest建议下次再实现的愿望.I shall be obliged if
you商定下次见面的时间和地点. We maymeet again and I hope to see you soon.
    Sincerelyyours,
    Signature.
    　　4， 感谢信
    Dear___,
    I am now writing these few lines to express mysincere thanks for感谢的原因.I
would like to know howmuch your对方所给予的帮助等meant to me. you have a positivegenius
for对收信人某方面的赞誉.I notonly enjoyed对收信人给予帮助等的反应一,butalso对收信人给予帮助等的反应二.I shallever
remember ___as one ofthe most___ in mylife.
    I hope to have the opportunity ofreciprocating. I will feel very honored
and pleased if you表达自己回报的心愿.Iam looking forward to seeing you next time!
    I repeat my thanks again for your___. please give my kind regards
toyour___.
    Yourstruly,
    signature
   
                    

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　　5， 求职申请信
    Dear___,
    I am applying for the position of想申请的职务advertised in___. I majorin所学的专业,my
training in所接受过的培训definitelymeets your qualifications. my complete resume is
attached.
    I will graduate in毕业时间from毕业院校.inaddition to the required courses of my
major, I have选修课程.I also have some experience in社会工作经验.
    May Ihave a personal interview at your convenience? I can be reached by
telephone联系方式.
    Sincerelyyours,
    signature
    6， 祝贺信
    Dear___,
    I have learnt with delight that you祝贺的理由,I would like to extend to you my
utmost congratulations on被祝贺人所取得的成就.You must be祝贺他很棒. And I feel very happy for
you.
    被祝贺人所取得的成绩is quiteexciting news! I know this is surely owing
to被祝贺人做出的努力.
    Kindly let me know when you询问对方何时有空.Ihope表达愿望my best wishes for
your___.
    Sincerely yours,
    Signature
        7， 邀请信
    Dear___
    开门见山提出事件活动，地点，时间，It would be pleasant/honored to have you here.
    During the party time/conference, we will havelots of activities/points you
will be interested in. First,举行活动之一.second举行活动之二.
    I know/believe you will be very interestedin对这次活动感兴趣.first/forone
thing,受邀请人参加的理由之一.second/for another,受邀请人参加的理由之二.theconference/the party would
not be complete without you.
    The party/conference will begin at举行时间andwe do hope you can come.
    Sincerelyyours,
    signature
    8， 推荐信
    Dear___,
    It affords me much pleasure to recommend所要推荐的人toyou. during his/her
graduate years he/she was被推荐人在学校担任的职务.As his/her和被推荐人的关系I found
him/he被推荐人的优点his/herperformance in the school years was outstanding. first,
he/she had been优点之一andshowed great talents in优点表现的方面.inaddition, he/she has a
very pleasant personality. He/she has developed a strongsense of被推荐人的性格特征,and
working with him/her isalways和被推荐人一起时候的感觉.I can state that he/she has allthe
qualities of being所具备的特征.
    Therefore, I here recommend him/her to youwith all my heart. Should you
favor him/her with a position in your company? Iam sure that his/her future
conduct will prove worthy of your confidence.
    Sincerelyyours,
    Signature
    Bestwishes to___.
        11,辞职信
    Dear___，
    I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current
position. I plan to leave my job here辞职的工作.
    There areseveral reasons involved, first of all, 辞职的原因之一,in addition,
_辞职的原因之二__.mostimportantly, 辞职的原因之三.therefore, Iwould like to为什么选择辞职.
    Please let me takethis chance to thank you for the rewarding experience I
have enjoyed during my employment.I am sorry for any inconvenience causedto you.
my bestwishes for the company’s continued growth.
    Sincerelyyours,
    Signature