2015年考研英语阅读精选：street gangs

考研网

考研英语阅读所占分值高，比重大，是考生赢取高分必要攻克的一大题型。而要提高阅读能力，多练习多积累是必要途径。新东方在线小编汇总整合了一些列精选文章，希望考生勤加阅读，不断提升自己的阅读速度和理解能力。》》点击进入2015考研英语备考专题
    2015年考研英语阅读精选：street gangs
    The image was riveting, as justice John Paul Stevens, a Chicago native,
presented it. A gang member and his father are hanging out near Wrigley Field.
Are they there "to rob an unsuspecting fan or just to get a glimpse of Sammy
Sosa leaving the ball park?" A police officer has no idea, but under Chicago's
anti-gang law, the cop must order them to disperse. With Stevens writing for a
6-to-3 majority, the Supreme Court last week struck down Chicago's sweeping
statute, which had sparked 42,000 arrests in its three years of enforcement.
    The decision was a blow to advocates of get-tough crime policies. But in a
widely noted concurring opinion, Justice Sandra Day O'Connor suggested that a
less draconian approach--distinguishing gang members from innocent
bystanders--might pass constitutional muster. New language could target
loiterers "with no apparent purpose other than to establish control over
identifiable areas, to intimidate others from entering those areas or to conceal
illegal activities," she wrote. Chicago officials vowed to draft a new measure.
"We will go back and correct it and then move forward," said Mayor Richard
Daley.
    Chicago officials, along with the League of Cities and 31 states that sided
with them in court, might do well to look at one state where anti-gang loitering
prosecutions have withstood constitutional challenges: California. The state has
two antiloitering statutes on the books, aimed at people intending to commit
specific crimes--prostitution and drug dealing. In addition, a number of local
prosecutors are waging war against gangs by an innovative use of the
public-nuisance laws.
    In cities such as Los Angeles and San Jose, prosecutors have sought
injunctions against groups of people suspected of gang activity. "The officers
in the streets know the gang members and gather physical evidence for lengthy
court hearings," says Los Angeles prosecutor Martin Vranicar. If the evidence is
enough to convince a judge, an injunction is issued to prohibit specific
behavior--such as carrying cell phones or pagers or blocking sidewalk
passage--in defined geographical areas. "It works instantly," says San Jose city
attorney Joan Gallo, who successfully defended the tactic before the California
Supreme Court. "A few days after the injunctions, children are playing on
streets where they never were before."
    So far, only a few hundred gang members have been targeted, out of an
estimated 150,000 in Los Angeles alone. But experts say last week's decision set
the parameters for sharper measures. Says Harvard law professor Laurence Tribe:
"It just means they have to use a scalpel rather than an invisible mallet."
    1. What does the author mean by "It just means they have to use a scalpel
rather than an invisible mallet" (The Last Line, Paragraph 5)?
    [A]The gang members should be given a get-tough attitude in the long
run.
    [B]The targeted gang members rather than all of them should be given a
get-tough treatment.
    [C] A scalpel can cut off the tumors of the society while the invisible
mallet fails to.
    [D]A scalpel is more powerful than the invisible mallet.
    2. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?
    [A]Chicago's antiloitering law shouldn't be struck down.
    [B]The cop was entitled to send the gangs away.
    [C]Chicago officials yielded to the result of striking down the law.
    [D]antiloitering law in Chicago was much too severe for the majority.
    3. The third and fourth paragraphs suggest that ________.
    [A]the League of Cities and 31 states should work with Chicago
officials
    [B]the injunctions in some cities brought back the safety on the street
    [C]California successfully starts the battle against the gangs
    [D]the police officers shoulder more responsibility than before
    4. What does the author intend to illustrate with the example of the gang
member and his father?
    [A]How the antiloitering law works.
    [B]How to maintain charming image.
    [C]How tough the crime polices were.
    [D]Why Chicago's sweeping statute stroke down    5. Which of the following is
true according to the text?
    [A]Chicago's sweeping statute was struck down for its involving too many
arrests.
    [B]Chicago officials still maintained their get-tough crime policies.
    [C]It was not safe for children to play on the street.
    [D]California used a scalpel while other states used an invisible mallet to
cope with the gangs.
    参考答案： BDCAD
    八月中下旬，暑期已经接近尾声。考生目前要关注2015年全国硕士研究生招生简章的发布以及2015年考研大纲发布，届时，新东方在线名师第一时间权威解析发布，请广大考生收藏关注！另有研究生专业目录、考研参考书等最新考研信息，帮助考生及时了解目标院校招生政策及信息。
    mtpdC1jZW50ZXI7IHdoaXRlLXNwYWNlOiBub3JtYWw7IA==">新东方名师考研课程直播 购买进行中