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Passage8
Thirty-twopeoplewatchedkittyGenovesebeingkilledrightbeneaththeirwindows.Shewastheirneighbor.Yetnoneofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.Wasthisingunmancruelty?Wasitlackoffeelingaboutone'sfellowman?
Notso,sayscientistsJohnBarleyandBibFatane.Thesemenwentbeyondtheheadlinestoprobethereasonswhypeopledidn'tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwostepsbeforehecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatisanemergency.
Supposeyouseeamiddle-agedmanfalltotheside-walk.Ishehavingaheartattack?Isheinacoma(昏迷)fromdiabetes(糖尿病)?Orisheabouttosleepoffadrunk?
Isthesmokecomingintotheroomfromaleakintheairconditioning?Isitsteampipes?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?It'snotalwayseasytotellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.
Second,andmoreimportant,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonallyresponsible.Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,orthepersonwon'tgetthehelpheneeds.
Theresearchersfoundthatalotdependsonhowmanypeoplearearound.Theyhadcollegestudentsintobetested.Somecamealone.Somecamewithoneortwoothers.Andsomecameinlargegroups.Thereceptioniststartedthemoffonthetests.Thenshewentintothenextroom.Acurtaindividedthetestingroomandtheroomintowhichshewent.Soonthestudentsheardascream,thenoiseoffilecabinetsfallingandacryforhelp.Allofthishadbeenpre-recordedonatape-recorder.
Eightoutoftenofthestudentstakingthetestaloneactedtohelp.Ofthestudentsinpairs,onlytwooutoftenhelped.Ofthestudentsingroups,nonehelped.
Inotherwords,inagroup,Americansoftenfailtoact.Theyfeelthatotherswillact.They,themselves,needn't.Theydonotfeelanydirectresponsibility.
Arepeoplebotheredbysituationswherepeopleareintrouble?Yes.Scientistsfoundthatthepeoplewereemotional,theysweated,theyhadtremblinghands.Theyfelttheotherperson'strouble.Buttheydidnotact.Theywereinagroup.Theiractionswereshapedbytheactionsofthosetheywerewith.
1.Thepurposeofthispassageis.
A)toexplainwhypeoplefailtoactinemergencies
B)toexplainwhenpeoplewilactinemergencies
C)toexplainwhatpeoplewilldoinemergencies
D)toexplainhowpeoplefeelinemergencies
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A)Whenapersontriestohelpothers,hemustbeclearthatthereisarealemergency.
B)Whenapersontriestohelpothers,heshouldknowwhetherheyareworthhishelp.
C)Apersonmusttakethefullresponsibilityforthesafetyofthoseinemergenciesifhewantstohelp.
D)Apersonwithaheartattackneedsthemost.
3.Theresearchershaveconductedanexperimenttoprovethatpeoplewillactinemergencieswhen.
A)theyareinpairs
B)theyareingroups
C)theyarealone
D)theyarewiththeirfriends
4.Themainreasonwhypeoplefailtoactwhentheystaytogetheristhat.
A)theyareafraidofemergencies
B)theyarereluctanttogetthemselvesinvolved
C)otherswillactiftheythemselveshesitate
D)theydonothaveanydirectresponsibilityforthosewhoneedhelp
5.Theauthorsuggeststhat.
A)weshouldn'tblameapersonifhefailstoactinemergencies
B)apersonmustfeelguiltyifhefailstohelp
C)peopleshouldberesponsibleforthemselvesinemergencies
D)whenyouareintrouble,peoplewillhelpyouanyway
Answer
1.B2.C3.C4.D5.A |
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发表于 2017-8-6 15:47:23