新东方考研语法讲堂171

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定语从句
    请读者照上面的例子，把下面变定语从句的步骤说出来（括号里的可以省略）：
    （6）They’re redecorating the room. A conference will be held in the room. →They’re redecorating the room where a conference will be held. →They’re redecorating the room (which /that) a conference will be held in. →They’re redecorating the room in which a conference will be held.
    那么，“介词+关系代词”是怎么回事呢？原来上面这个例句，还有一种做法：This is the house. I was born and brought up in the house.在这两个句子中，the house是相同的，定语从句修饰的就是the house 。把后面这一句变成定语从句。在将要被变成定语从句的句子中，the house表示物而且是介词in的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that来代替。然后把which或that放到本句的最前面，其它的词和语序一律不变。这时，后面这一句就成了 “which/that I was born and brought up in”。再把这个定语从句整个放在被修饰的词后面，就成了“This is the house which/that I was born and brought up in”。定语从句就完成了，主句是陈述句，所以句末用句号。 which/that代替的是原句中的宾语，原句变成了从句，它们就作从句的宾语。关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略，因此上句又可变成“This is the house I was born and brought up in.”
    但是，in可以提到关系代词的前面，不过这时不能用that，而且不能省略。所以上句又可变为“This is the house in which I was born and brought up.”这就是“介词+关系代词”的来历。