郑州大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案

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        郑州大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案
        　　I. Phrase Translation
        　　(一)英译汉(15分)
        　　air quality monitoring
        　　paralympic games
        　　EU
        　　supreme court
        　　1. e-commerce
        　　2.
        　　3. european union
        　　4. trade deficit
        　　5.
        　　6.
        　　7.
        　　8.
        　　9. unconventional weapons
        　　10. The Caribbean
        　　11.
        　　12. The Wall Street Journal
        　　13. International Atomic Energy Agency
        　　14. MIT
        　　15. IMF
        　　(二)英译汉(15分)
        　　医保卡
        　　法人代表
        　　第三产业
        　　市场调查
        　　生态平衡
        　　免税商品
        　　可再生资源
        　　社区卫生服务中心
        　　国务卿
        　　新闻周刊
        　　世界银行
        　　欧洲联盟
        　　国际足联
        　　世界卫生组织
        　　全球定位系统
        　　II. Passage translation
        　　Source Text 1:
        　　Any science may be likened to a river,” says a Johns Hopkins biologist,
Professor Carl P. Swanson. “It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning;; its
quiet stretches as well as its rapids; its periods of drought as well as of
fullness. It gathers momentum with the work of many investinagators and as it is
fed by other streams of thought; it is deepened and broadened by the concepts
and generalizaations that are gradually evolved.” So it is with the science of
biological control in its modern sense. In america it had its obscure beginnings
a century ago with the first attempts to introduce natural enemies of insects
that were proving troublesome to farmers, an effort that sometimes moved slowly
or not at all, but now and again gathered speed and momentum under the impetus
of an outstanding success. It had its period of drought when workers in applied
entomology, dazzled by the spectacular new insecticides of the 1970’s, turned
their backs on all biological methods and set foot on “the treadmill of chemical
control.” But the goal of an insect-free world continued to recede. Now at last,
as it has become apparent that the heedless and unrestrained use of chemicals is
a greater menace to ourselves than to the targets, the river which is the
science of biotic control flow again, fed by new streams of thought.
        　　参考译文：霍普金斯大学生物学家卡尔·P·斯旺森教授说： “每一门科学都可以比做一条河。其
源头，隐隐约约，并不引人注目;其流势，时而平缓，时而湍急;其水情，有汛期，也有枯
竭期。由于许多人从事研究工作，各种思想像支流一样注入其中，势头逐渐加强。新的概念 和结论陆续产生，又使它得以加深和展宽。 ”
现代的生物控制学就是如此。一百年前，这门科学在美国开始创立时也是隐隐约约的。 当时有些昆虫给农民找麻烦， 有人就试图以这些昆虫的天敌来对付。
这项活动有时进展缓慢， 甚至毫无进展，但有时一项突出的成就又推动它加快速度，使它突飞猛进。这门科学也有过
枯竭期。在二十世纪四十年代，从事应用昆虫学的人看到新杀虫剂的显著效用，不禁为之眼 花缭乱，便对生物方法冷眼相看，重新走上“化学控制的老路”
。然而实现无昆虫的世界这 一目标却越来越渺茫。现在已经很明显，盲目地大量使用化学杀虫剂，对我们自己的威胁比 对要控制的对象的威胁还要大，
于是生物控制学这一条河又流动起来， 而且有新的思想支流 注入其中。
        　　Source Text 2:
        　　由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋生误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是处涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确实有浓厚的趣味。
        　　译文：Primary and secondary school will impart to you only some rudiments of
knowledge. Even what you learn during the four years of university will be sth
quite superficial too. A university has often been misleadingly referred to as
“the highest seat of learning”, which sounds as if there were no more learning
to speak of beyond it. The research institute of a university, however, is the
place for preliminary scholarship. But even there you get only the first taste
of learning and the emphasis is on research methodology and practice. Art is
long, life is short. That is why some of our ancients continued to study even
when they were hoary-headed. They were, of course, motivated by an enormous
interest in their studies.