Sam Ormont, for example, a thirty-year-old nurse at a Boston hospital, went into nursing because the army had trained him as a medical worker."I found that work very interesting." he recalled, "and when I got out of the service it just seemed natural for me to go into something medical. (65) I wasn't really interested in becoming a doctor."Thirty-five-year-old David King, an out-of-work actor, found a job as a receptionist because he was having trouble landing roles in Broadway plays and he needed to pay the rent.
In other words, men enter "female" jobs out of the same consideration for personal interest and economic necessity that motivates anyone looking for work. (66) But similarities often end there. Men in femaledominated jobs are conspicuous. As a group, their work histories differ in most respects from those of their female colleagues, and they are frequently treated differently by the people with whom they are in professional contact.
The question naturally arises: Why are there still approximately ninetynine female secretaries for every one male? There is also a more serious issue. Most men don't want to be receptionists, nurses, secretaries or sewing workers. Put simply, these are not generally considered very masculine jobs.To choose such a line of work is to invite ridicule. (67)
"There was kidding in the beginning," recalls Ormont. "Kids coming from school ask what I am, and when I say A nurse,' they laugh at me. I just smile and say. You know, there are female doctors, too.'"
Still, there are encouraging signs. Years ago, male grade school teachers were as rare as male nurses. Today more than one elementary school teacher in six is male.
Can we anticipate a day when secretaries will be an even mix of men and women-or when the mention of a male nurse will no longer raise eyebrows? (68)
It's probably coming-but not very soon.
1988年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题参考答案
Ⅰ、Multiple Choice (15 points)
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (B) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (C) 11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C)
Ⅱ、Reading Comprehension (20 points)
16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (C) 20. (A) 21. (A) 22. (A) 23. (B) 24. (D) 25. (C)
Ⅲ、Cloze Test (10 points)
26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (C) 30. (C) 31. (D) 32. (C) 33. (B) 34. (A) 35. (D)
Ⅳ、Error-detection and Correction (10 points)
36. (A)such a difficult
37. (D)wide open
38. (C)convincing
39. (A)fewer
40. (B)asked for
41. (B)kept to
42. (A)carrying
43. (B)it
44. (B)hoping to achieve
45. (C)on the decline
Ⅴ、Verb Forms (10 points)
46. called
47. is
48. having fought
49. running
50. Not wishing
51. to be talking
52. to be interviewed
53. wouldn‘t have made
54. being
55. having been repaired
Ⅵ、Chinese-English Translation (15 points)
56. Bad weather prevented him from starting out for Beijing on time.
重点：‘使……不能’;‘按时动身去’
57. Please make sure of the cause of the accident and then report to the director.
计分范围：
1.‘请先……清楚’1 12分
2.‘再……汇报’1 12分
重点：‘把……查清楚’;‘向……汇报’
58. He arrived in a hurry after the performance had already started.
计分范围：
1.‘直到……开始’1 12分
2.‘他才……赶到’1 12分
重点：‘直到……才’;‘匆匆赶到’
59With the approval of the local government， they cancelled the original project.
计分范围：
1.‘经……批准后1 12分
2.‘他们……项目’1 12分
重点：‘批准’;‘取消’
60. Upon hearing the unexpected news， he was so surprised that he couldn‘t utter a word.
计分范围：
1.‘他听到……消息’1分
2.‘吃惊得……出来’2分
重点：吃惊得连……也不……
Ⅶ。English-Chinese Translation (20 points)
61.他显然，他是个对自己的仪表感到相当自豪的人。(2分)
Clearly， this was a person 12Point
who took…… pride in 12Point
personal appearance 12Point
62.正像卡车司机和建筑工人再没必要都是男的一样，秘书和接待员再也不一定都是女的。(3分)
Juse as…… men， 1 12Points
all…… women. 1 12Points
63.这些变化正影响着长期存在的传统观念中关于男女各可以干哪几类工作的看法，但这对于进入原先以妇女为主的那些的男人来说，无疑也带来一些问题。(3分)
These changes…… can do 1 12Pointsbut…… for the men 12Points
who…… by women. 1 Points
64.我还没听说过有任何使我感到满意的确切答案。(2分)
“I don‘t know…… answers 1 Point
I‘d be comfortable with，“ 1 Point
65.他回忆说：“我觉得那种工作十分有趣，当我退役时，对我来说，去干某种医务工作，似乎是极其自然的。”(2分)
“I found……” he recalled. 1 Point
“and when…… something medical. 1 Point
66换句话说，男人干起了“女人干的”工作，其动机是同任何找工作干的人一样，既出于个人的兴趣，也出于经济上需要的考虑。(3分)
In other words， …… necessity 1 12 Points
that …… for work. 1 12 Points
67.选定这一类工作是会惹人笑话的。(2分)
To choose…… is 1 Point
to invite ridicule.1 Point
68.我们是否能预见到这么一天：那时当秘书的男女各占一半或有人提到某个男人当护士时，人们不会再感到吃惊?(3分)
Can we…… a day 1 Point
when secretaries…… women 1 Point
or when…… eyebrows?1 Point
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