2017考研新题型：排序题精解
考研中的英语一的新题型有以下几种类型：七选五，排序题和小标题这三种类型。这三种类型并不需要像前面的完型填空题，阅读题和后面的翻译题和作文题那么难，需要大家记忆单词和分析长难句。但是却是一道“性价比”极高的题，也就是，付出与回报的比例很高，很多同学可以以较少的时间和精力付出，去得到一个很好的分数，而且这道题同学们在掌握了一定的技巧之后，会在很短的时间内，快速而准确地做对题目，所以这是任何一个考生所不能放弃的。下面我们逐一具体分析这三种类型，让我们这些零基础的同学拿到高分。首先，我们来说说排序题吧!大家是否还记得小学里面的语文是怎样排序的。我们本着文章连贯的原则来做的，可是，什么是连贯呢?怎样才算是连贯呢?说到底，就是首尾一致。也就是，上一句的尾句要和下一句的首句相关联。那么，问题又来了，怎么样相关呢?如何去相关呢?汉语是意合的语言，而英语是形合的语言，完全不同的风格。同学们说对了，英语是形合，讲究的是形式的统一，所以要求词语或者是短语里面的信息。所以我们要着重看重复的信息，注意重复的词语或者短语，以及那些同义词。另外，那些指代的信息也是要特别注意的。总而言之，我们要保持首尾相连，主题一致。我们以真题来说事儿。
请同学来看2014年新题型真题，在看真题的时候，不要被这些大段大段的文章给吓着了，所以同学们镇定一下，不要害怕，因为这种题型并不需要大家需要有太大的心里压力和很多的单词压力。这种题要首尾句入手，我们一起来这些选项有什么特点：
Some archaeological sites have always been easily observable—for example, the Parthenon in Athens, Greece; the pyramids of Giza in Egypt; and the megaliths of Stonehenge in southern England. But these sites are exceptions to the norm. Most archaeological sites have been located by means of careful searching, while many others have been discovered by accident. Olduvai Gorge, an early hominid site in Tanzania, was found by a butterfly hunter who literally fell into its deep valley in 1911. Thousands of Aztec artifacts came to light during the digging of the Mexico City subway in the 1970s.
In another case, American archaeologists Reńe Million and George Cowgill spent years systematically mapping the entire city of Teotihuacán in the Valley of Mexico near what is now Mexico City. At its peak around AD 600, this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world. The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.
How do archaeologists know where to find what they are looking for when there is nothing visible on the surface of the ground? Typically, they survey and sample (make test excavations on) large areas of terrain to determine where excavation will yield useful information. Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.
Surveys can cover a single large settlement or entire landscapes. In one case, many researchers working around the ancient Maya city of Copán, Honduras, have located hundreds of small rural villages and individual dwellings by using aerial photographs and by making surveys on foot. The resulting settlement maps show how the distribution and density of the rural population around the city changed dramatically between AD 500 and 850, when Copán collapsed.
To find their sites, archaeologists today rely heavily on systematic survey methods and a variety of high-technology tools and techniques. Airborne technologies, such as different types of radar and photographic equipment carried by airplanes or spacecraft, allow archaeologists to learn about what lies beneath the ground without digging. Aerial surveys locate general areas of interest or larger buried features, such as ancient buildings or fields.
Most archaeological sites, however, are discovered by archaeologists who have set out to look for them. Such searches can take years. British archaeologist Howard Carter knew that the tomb of the Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun existed from information found in other sites. Carter sifted through rubble in the Valley of the Kings for seven years before he located the tomb in 1922. In the late 1800s British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans combed antique dealers’ stores in Athens, Greece. He was searching for tiny engraved seals attributed to the ancient Mycenaean culture that dominated Greece from the 1400s to 1200s BC. Evans’s interpretations of these engravings eventually led them to find the Minoan palace at Knossos (Knosós), on the island of Crete, in 1900.
Ground surveys allow archaeologists to pinpoint the places where digs will be successful. Most ground surveys involve a lot of walking, looking for surface clues such as small fragments of pottery. They often include a certain amount of digging to test for buried materials at selected points across a landscape. Archaeologists also may locate buried remains by using such technologies as ground radar, magnetic-field recording, and metal detectors. Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapes around sites. Two-and three-dimensional maps are helpful tools in planning excavations, illustrating how sites look, and presenting the results of archaeological research.
大家注意到高亮的词语了吗?A选项中，some…sites, F选项most…sites, 之后是个什么词语呢?however,这个是转折，肯定不可能一开始就转折，所以。再观察，B中出现了another case，这意味什么呢?以为着应该有个one case，这个短语在哪里出现呢?我们发现D选项中有，那么绑在一起。接着C是问句，可能作为首句，再往下面看，E是表示目的的不定式短语，与C比较，C作为首句的可能性最大。再观察，G选项中的ground surveys 是不是有些面熟呢?还记得哪个选项中的结尾有关ground surveys呢?对了，E选项中的aeriar survey。我们看这个词语是不是和aeroplane 的前缀很像呢，因为aero表示的就是空中，现在我们把了。那么我们现在把以获得的信息梳理一下，C是首句，A前F后，D和B在一起，E和G绑在一起。前面要说的是site,后面要说的是survey,根据已有的信息，给出的已有选项，那么连在一起，就形成了下面的答案：
C——A——F——E——G——D——B
现在，我们学会了看选项，找首尾句的信息。试一试，带着这些词语进行逐一匹配，首尾相连，就完成了排序题，同学们，学会了吗?中公的老师和你们在一起!加油，同学们!
(本文作者为中公考研辅导名师——樊晓红)
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