十年考研英语完型真题考过的词汇辨析(1)
饲养;养育
feed
1给人(动物、植物等)食物(肥料、养料等),常用~ sb/sth (on) sth 或~sth to sb/sth~
2表示为全家或一群人提供食物
~1The cattle are fed (on) barley.牛要喂大麦。
~2to ~ an army 养活一支军队
raise
~1“养育(孩子或小动物)”,不仅指“给予食物”,更强调抚养方式
~2“饲养(牲畜)”~3“种植(农作物)”
~1to ~ her (as) a Catholic 把她培养成天主教徒
~2to~ cow 养牛~3to ~ corn 种玉米
rear
同raise~1~2
~1to ~ sons and daughters 养育子女
~2to ~ poultry 饲养家禽
breed
~1“饲养,培育(动植物)”,强调有目的地育种,常用~sth for/as sth
~2指培育人,表示以特定的方式教育,反复灌输观念、礼貌举止等,常用~sth into sb
~1The rabbits are bred for their long coats.饲养兔子是为了获取它们的长毛。
~2to ~ good manners 使养成良好的举止
[真题](2000)He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance against the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to ___the soil. 他必须用以下三种方式来使用这些余粮:留作种子,留作应对恶劣天气影响的保障,以及作为商品卖掉,来替换旧农具和购买化肥给土壤施肥。(C)
enhance mix feed raise
寻找
seek
~1“寻找”,常与for 搭配
~2“寻求,谋求”,表示试图得到或达到
~1to ~ alternative route 另寻其他线路
~2to ~employment 求职
search
同seek~1,但找寻更为仔细,后面常接搜寻的地点
to ~ the plane for survivors 为寻找幸存者而搜查飞机
[真题](2000)He must either sell some of his property or _________extra funds in the form of loans. 他只得变卖部分家产或通过贷款寻求额外的资金。(D)
search save offer seek
比例;比率
rate
~1“比率,率”,指事情发生的速度或次数
~2指税收、利息等的“费率”
1the annual crime ~ 年犯罪率
~2~ of interest/interest ~ 利息率
ratio
指两组人或物及事物各部分之间在大小、数量上的对比关系”
a very high teacher-student ~很高的师生比率
proportion
~1同ratio~2用于in ~ (to) 的搭配中,表示“相比较”;或“与…相应,成比例”,暗指如果一方变化另一方也随之变化
~2 The room is very long in ~ to its width.这间房的长度比宽度大很多。
Price will be raised in ~ to cost. 价格将随成本相应提高。
percentage
指“百分比”
What ~ of the students were absent?旷课的学生占百分之几?
[真题](2000)Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low of ____interest, but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable. 自然,他会尽量争取低息贷款,但这种贷款不是经常能够得到的。(C)
proportion percentage rate ratio
道;路
path
主要指地面或空中的道路a bicycle ~自行车道
route
同path an air ~飞行航线
channel
侧重指水上道路,如“水渠,航道,海峡” drainage ~s in the rice fields 稻田的排水沟
course
指“(船或飞机的)航向,航线” The plane was on/off ~.飞机航向正确/偏离航向。
passage
指连接两个房间或处所的狭长的通道 a secret underground ~地下秘密通道
vessel
一般指细小的管道,特别是“脉管、血管” blood ~血管
[真题]~1(2000)He may also need money to construct irrigation _____and improve his farm in other ways. 他可能还需要钱来修建灌溉水渠,或在其他方面改善自己的农田。(D)
vessels routes paths channels
~2(1988)Because of strong winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its ____. 由于狂风和凶猛的暴风雨,五月花号迷失了航向。
course route passage channel
通知;宣告
claim
~1表明某事真实的“声明、宣称”,常接同位语从句
~2作为保险金、赔偿、增薪等的“索款”
~1He repeated his ~ that the people backed his action.他重申了人民支持其行动的声明。
~2the injury ~s 工伤索赔
declaration
~1官方或正式的宣告、宣言
~2对感觉或所相信的事的表白、声明
~1the ~ of war 宣战
~2a ~ of faith 表达信念
proclamation 同declaration~1 the ~ of martial law 宣布戒严
announcement
“公告,通知,宣布”, 强调要将关于某事的信息告知于人
~s of births 出生通告
[真题](1999)The fewer the injury____ , the better the workman’s insurance rate. 工伤索赔越少,工人的保险率也就越高。(A)
claims reports declarations proclamations
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