2018考研英语:重点语法解析(4)
有的考研er遇到长难句的语法,就会感到迷茫,无所适从;其实英语里的所有句子,不管句子多长,结构多么复杂,看起来多难,无外乎是由英语中的8种句子成分(即:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语、同位语)组合而成,或者说是在英语中的5种基本句型(即:主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构、主谓双宾结构、主谓宾宾补结构)的框架之上添加修饰成分扩展而来的,所以只要掌握了一些重点的语法,再长再难的句子就都迎刃而解了。【语法难点精析之besides,but,except,exept for,excepting,apart from的区别】
(1) besides与except
前者表示"除...以外,还有...";后者表示"从整体中除去..."
这个大家都知道,就不举例子了.
(2)except与except for
a.除去的和非除去的是同类事物,用except
eg:
All the essays are well written except Nelson’s.
Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物,所以用except.
b.除去的和非除去的不是同类事物,用except for,并且从语气上通常表示遗憾.
eg:His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
a few spelling mistakes(除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物.
(3)apart from 具有多重意义:既可表示besides,也可以表示exept或exept for,还可以表示without的意思
eg:
Apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)
The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)
He has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)
There can be no knowledge apart from practice.实践出真知.(=without)
(4)excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not,without,always等词之后
eg:
Excepting his brother, they are all right.
Everyone, not excepting myself, must share the blame.
All of us, without excepting those who know more about the subject, should study.
All my brothers com here every day, always excepting the youngest.
(5)but与except同义,但but多用在every,any,no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything,anywhere,nobody等词以后及all,none之后
eg:
The children go to school everyday but Sunday.
They are all gone but me.
You can get the book anywhere but here.
There is no one but me.
Who but George would do such a thing?
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