2018考研英语双语阅读：更新推特的有可能是机器人
2018考研复习进行时，考研英语阅读真题中的文章，多摘自英美主流外刊，有时候你认识所有单词、搞清全部语法还不够，还需要了解英美文化，掌握他们的表达方式，这就是阅读的潜台词。下面新东方在线考研整理《2018考研英语双语阅读精选》，速来学习吧！Celebrities Tweet Like Bots
你不知道的新奇，更新推特的有可能是机器人
Twitter has more than 300 million monthly active users. But researchers
have estimated that between about 30 million and 50 million of those are Twitter
bots—automated accounts that do the bidding of their code-writing creators.
推特的月度活跃用户超过3亿。但研究人员估计，其中约3000万到5000万是推特机器人，即执行代码编写人员指令的自动账户。
"There could newsbots, and there could be spam bots." Zafar Gilani, a PhD
student at the University of Cambridge in the U.K. "Or there could be bots doing
political infiltration, which is obviously bad. Or social infiltration which
could be bad."
“可能是新闻机器人，也可能是垃圾邮件机器人。”在英国剑桥大学就读博士的扎法尔·吉拉尼说道。“或者可能是机器人在进行政治渗透，显然这很糟糕。又或者是机器人在进行社会渗透，这也不好。”
Not all bots are bad. Some are just geeky, like a bot that describes
imaginary exoplanets. Or another that tweets only prime numbers. "It really
depends on who the botmaster is and what are the intentions and what are the
motivations."
不过并不是所有机器人都是不好的。有一些机器人只是比较呆，比如有的机器人账号描绘虚构的系外行星。还有的账号只发和质数有关的消息。“这其实取决于账号操控者的身份及其意图和动机。”
Gilani and his colleagues built an algorithm to single out bots from human
accounts, using factors like tweet frequency or content, and how much users
interacted with other users. And the system was able to tell bot from human 86
percent of the time.
吉拉尼和同事创建了一种能将机器人从真人账号中区分出来的算法，这种算法依据的是发布频率或内容以及该用户与其他用户的互动程度。该系统区分人类账号和机器人账号的准确率为86%。
But in the case of celebrity accounts—people with more than 10 million
followers—the bots and humans were harder to tell apart. Because both tend to
tweet with more scheduled regularity than the average human. Both follow
relatively few people. And both upload a lot of content.
但对于拥有超过1000万粉丝的名人账号，系统则很难区分那是机器人还是人类。因为二者更新的频率比普通人更规律。另外，二者关注的人都相对较少，而且都会上传大量内容。
They differ in the details: celebrities don’t post as many URLs luring
people off Twitter. And they don’t retweet as often as bots do.
不过二者在细节上存在区别：名人不会发太多链接诱使人们离开推特。他们也不会像机器人那样频繁转发。
The researchers presented the findings at the International Conference on
Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining in Sydney, Australia.
研究人员在澳大利亚悉尼举办的“社会网络分析和挖掘进展国际会议”上发表了这一研究结果。
As bots get smarter and more pervasive online, we humans can still console
ourselves with a different discovery by Gilani: that tweets penned by humans get
19 times more likes than tweets by bots. And 10 times more retweets. So, at
least in Twitter popularity, humans still beat the bots…for now.
虽然机器人越来越智能，在网络上越来越普遍，但我们人类仍然能够用吉拉尼独特的发现来安慰自己：人类发布推文的点赞数是机器人的19倍，转发量则是机器人的10倍。所以，至少就推特人气来说，人类依旧战胜了机器人……到目前为止是这样。
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