2000年考研英语翻译真题及答案
考研英语翻译题分值10分，其规定是，能将一般难度的英语短文译成汉语，理解基本正确，译文达意。一般来说，考研英语翻译主要是长句和短句的翻译，难度一般较大，不过如果我们能够掌握足够的技巧就会事半功倍的效果。下面新东方网考研频道考研整理历年考研英语翻译真题及参考答案，同学们可以参考复习！2000年考研英语翻译真题及答案
Section IV English-Chinese Translation
Directions:
Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined
sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET
2. (15 points)
Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of
their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the
community. 1) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of
centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as
economists and operational research experts. 2) Furthermore, it is obvious that
the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of
its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of
scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are
increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up
production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example,
they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their
own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in
order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto
unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of
international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case,
all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also
scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.
3) Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people
everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas,
while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for
the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change
throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with
the past. For example, 4) in the early industrialized countries of Europe the
process of industrialization -- with all the far-reaching changes in social
patterns that followed -- was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a
developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has
the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community
and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned. 5)
Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or
problems arising from mass migration movements -- themselves made relatively
easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors,
governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social
scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into
effect.
答案解析
Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)
1. 在现代条件下，这需要程度不同的中央控制，从而就需要获得诸如经济学和运筹学等领域专家的协助。
2. 再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。
3. 大众通讯的显著发展使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求，不断接触到新的习俗和思想，由于上述原因，政府常常得推出更多的革新。
4.
在先期实现工业化的欧洲国家中，其工业化进程以及随之而来的各种深刻的社会结构变革，持续了大约一个世纪之久，而如今一个发展中国家在十年左右就可能完成这个过程。
5. 由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)造成的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
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