考研英语：历年真题要点之1991-Text 1（三）
英语是考研必考的公共课之一，英语阅读是考研英语中较为重要的一部分内容，也是2018年考研复习的重点知识。了解考研英语阅读知识点很重要，跨考小编针对考研英语阅读真题及难点解析做了如下整理，希望能够对大家的复习有所帮助。The main cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.
main cause“主要原因”;breakdown“故障，崩溃，衰弱”;radical shift“根本改变”;commit a crime“犯罪”;victim“受害者”;reversal“逆转”;it’s the criminal who is considered victimized为强调句型it is...who...;criminal“罪犯”，也可以充当形容词“犯罪的”;victimize“使受害”;冒号起到解释说明的作用;underprivileged=under+privilege+ed，under“在...之下”，privilege“特权”，privileged“享有特权的”，因此，underprivileged在享有特权的之下，可以引申为“物质条件差的，社会地位低下的”;upbringing名词“养育，教养”;fail to do“没能做某事”;reach结合语境，可以表示“影响”;moral guidance“道德上的引导”;provide“提供”，常见搭配provide sb. with sth.或provide sth. for sb.;stable“稳定的”，反义词instable。
I don’t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.
disadvantaged“处于不利地位的，社会地位底下的”，dis-表示“否定”的前缀，advantage“优势，有利条件”，advantaged“处于优势的”;engage in“参与，从事”;free...from...“使...摆脱...，免于...”;excuse名词“借口，理由”;where引导定语从句;accept responsibility for“对...承担责任”。
We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.
desperately“极度地”，desperately need迫切需要=in desperate need of，因此原文也可以说We in America in desperate need of more people...
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