汉语国际教育硕士：英语阅读理解练习(第2篇)
新东方在线小编给大家提供汉语国际教育硕士英语阅读理解5篇，希望通过做题，大家能够提高阅读的速度，掌握做阅读理解的技巧。下面请看第2篇练习。Everybody loves afat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you
learn that a colleaguehas been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a
reputation for slacking, youmight even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded
as “all toohuman”，with the underlying assumption that other animals would not
becapable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by
SarahBrosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which
hasjust been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as
well。
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchinmonkeys. They
look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, andthey share their
food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts,they tend to pay
much closer attention to the value of “good andservices” than males。
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr.
deWaal's study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys
toexchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to
exchangepieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were
placed inseparate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the
other wasgetting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly
different。
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and muchpreferable to
cucumbers)。 So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange forher token, the
second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one
received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange atall, the
other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of thechamber, or
refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presenceof a grape in
the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enoughto induce
resentment in a female capuchin。
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, areguided by
social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-livingspecies. Such
co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feelsit is not being
cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are notthe preserve of
people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes thesefeelings abundantly
clear to other members of the group. However, whether sucha sense of fairness
evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whetherit stems from the
common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago,is, as yet, an
unanswered question。
1. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by
posing a contrast。
justifying an assumption。
making a comparison。
explaining a phenomenon。
2. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Paragraph 1) implies that
monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals。
resenting unfairness is also monkeys' nature。
monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other。
no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions。
3. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research mostprobably
because they are
more inclined to weigh what they get。
attentive to researchers' instructions。
nice in both appearance and temperament。
more generous than their male companions。
4. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in theirstudy that the
monkeys
prefer grapes to cucumbers。
can be taught to exchange things。
will not be co-operative if feeling cheated。
are unhappy when separated from others。
5. When can we infer from the last paragraph?
Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions。
Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source。
Animals usually show their feelings openly as human do。
Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild。
量变引起质变，实践得出真知。希望考生朋友们通过做题，通过积累，最终实现自我的提升，完成量到质的转变，加油!
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