北京科技大学2013年考研翻译硕士英语试题
真题是考研复习中含金量最高的辅导材料，真题的利用对于提高复习效率具有至关重要的作用。一般来说，时间和精力有限，建议考生重点做近十年的真题。新东方在线考研整理各高校历年考研真题，希望能帮大家更好的复习!北 京 科 技 大 学
2013年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
试题编号： 211 试题名称： 翻译硕士英语 (共 12 页)
适用专业： 翻译(专业英语)
说明： 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points, 1 point each, 60 minutes)
Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,
B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
1. Ruth wanted to be transferred to another department, but her application
was _____ because her own department is understaffed.
turned down B. turned over C. turned away D. turned off
2. Helen’s been neglecting her homework lately. I’ll _____ with her parents
about it.
have words B. have a word C. have the word D. have the last word
3. The reality of governance is rarely ______; institutions do not operate
according to mechanical laws, but they evolve organically.
noble B. static C. inconsistent D. documented
4. A position that requires public speaking would be very difficult for one
as _____ as he.
amiable B. vivacious C. reticent D. decent
5. The commission asked that the administration’s 90-day ban on federal
funds for human cloning _____ indefinitely.
A. to be extended B. to extend C. be extended D. being extended
6. There is talk of the government _______ a new tax relief scheme for
families with more than three children.
bringing in B. bringing off C. bringing about D. bringing on
7. The nurses asked the local union to ______ their strike by signing a
letter of support.
comply B. undermine C. endorse D. isolate
8. I could not but _____ very much delighted with several modern epitaphs,
which are written with great elegance of expression.
being B. be C. to be D. was
9. ______ more societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies
have a looming problem of knowledge management.
Given that B. Provided C. Unless D. While
10. The organization gives help and support to people in need, as well as
_____ money for local charities.
raises B. raising C. raise D. to raise
11. The development of containers, possibly made from bark or the skins of
animals, although it is a matter of ______, allowed the extensive sharing of
forage food in prehistoric human societies.
conjecture B. fact C. record D. conspiracy
12. Most people choose a lawyer on the basis of such _____ considerations
as his cost, his field of expertise, and the fees he charges.
humanistic B. irrelevant C. personal D. pragmatic
13. It cannot be denied that the existing resources on earth will be
depleted, but scientists are hesitant to ______ the inevitability of that day,
convinced that new energies can be found in the near future.
recede B. exceed C. concede D. precede
14. There has been nothing good on television for weeks. Good programs are
_______.
more or less B. far and between C. on and off D. here and there
15. Fred is a(n) ______ complainer— as soon as one problem is solved, he
will come up with another.
affluent B. prudent C. moderate D. chronic
16. Rita turned her ______ of being lost in the desert into good fortune by
selling the story to a movie studio.
ordeal B. pessimism C. retort D. patron
17. Psychologists maintain that the nature of human beings entails a strong
need to _____ their free time; idleness can be as stressful as activity.
endanger B. preserve C. consume D. organize
18. At age 10, my cousin still has a _____ belief in Santa Claus; she
becomes upset at any suggestion that he doesn’t exist.
sedentary B. inquisitive C. tenacious D. superfluous
19. They ______ each other, making a perfect couple. He is rich but doesn’t
care about money; she is poor but cares about it a lot.
complement B. fabricate C. implement D. validate
20. People anticipated that vertical flight transports would carry millions
of passengers as _______ today.
the airliners do B. do the airliners C. the airliners did D. did the
airliners
21. Rumors, embroidered with detail, live on for years, neither denied nor
confirmed, until they become accepted as fact even among people not known for
their _____.
insight B. introspection C. obstinacy D. credulity
22. Imposing steep fines on employers for on-the-job injuries to workers
could be an effective ______ creating a safer workplace, especially in the case
of employers with poor safety records.
alternative B. addition C. incentive D. deterrent
23. Her ______ should not be confused with miserliness, as long as I have
known her, she has always been willing to assist those who are in need.
frugality B. diffidence C. intolerance D. apprehension
24. Observable as a tendency of our culture is a _______ of belief in
psychoanalysis: we no longer feel that it can solve out emotional problems.
defence B. confrontation C. divergence D. withdrawal
25. The prospects of discovering new aspects of the life of a painter as
thoroughly studied as Vermeer are not, on the surface, _______.
unpromising B. encouraging C. daunting D. challenging
26. The history of film reflects the ________ inherent in the medium
itself: film contains still photographs to represent continuous motion and,
while seeming to present life itself, can also offer impossible and dreamlike
unrealities.
biases B. constraints C. liabilities D. paradoxes
27. The notion that cultural and biological influences equally determine
cross-cultural diversity is _____ by the fact that, in countless aspects of
human existence, it is cultural programming that overwhelmingly accounts for
cross-population variance.
confirmed B. illustrated C. discredited D. disapproved
28. Dominant interests often benefit most from ________ of governmental
interference in business, since they are able to take care of themselves if left
alone.
centralization B. authorization C. intensification D. elimination
29. As the world has moved into a scientific age, the origin of herbal
medicine in many countries remains _____ in mystery and often sounds fantastic
to those trained in modern science.
shrouded B. hidden C. covered D. hindered
30. We can scarcely afford to neglect airport security in light of the
recent terrorist actions, but as a reliable critic has pointed out, the cost of
actually implementing these measures remains a _______ expense.
feasible B. prohibitive C. suitable D. negligible
II. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 points each, 60 minutes)
Section I
Directions: In this section there are two reading passages followed by
multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answer on your
answer sheet.
Passage One
When Ford’s River Rouge Plant was completed in 1928 it boasted everything
it needed to turn raw materials into finished cars: 100,000 workers, 16m square
feet of factory floor, 100 miles of railway track and its own docks and
furnaces. Today it is still Ford’s largest plant, but only a shadow of its
former glory. Most of the parts are made by sub-contractors and merely fitted
together by the plant’s 6,000 workers. The local steel mill is run by a Russian
company, Severstal.
Outsourcing has transformed global business. Over the past few decades
companies have contracted out everything from mopping the floors to spotting the
flaws in their internet security. TPI, a company that specializes in the sector,
estimates that $100 billion-worth of new contracts are signed every year. Oxford
Economics reckons that in Britain, one of the world’s most mature economies, 10%
of workers toil away in “outsourced” jobs and companies spend $ 200 billion a
year on outsourcing. Even war is being outsourced: America employs more contract
workers in Afghanistan than regular troops.
The latest TPI quarterly index of outsourcing (which measures commercial
contracts of $25m or more) suggests that the total value of such contracts for
the second quarter of 2011 fell by 18% compared with the second quarter of 2010.
Dismal figures in the Americas (i.e. mostly the United States) dragged down the
average: the value of contracts there was 50% lower in the second quarter of
2011 than in the first half of 2010. This is partly explained by America’s
gloomy economy, but even more by the maturity of the market: TPI suspects that
much of what can sensibly be outsourced already has been.
Miles Robinson of Mayer Brown, a law firm, notes that there has also been
an uptick in legal disputes over outsourcing. In one case EDS, an IT company,
had to pay BSkyB, a media company, £318m ($469m) in damages. The two firms spent
an estimated £70m on legal fees and were tied up in court for five months. Such
nightmares are worse in India, where the courts move with Dickensian speed. And
since many disputes stay out of court, the well of discontent with outsourcing
is surely deeper than the legal record shows.
Some of the worst business disasters of recent years have been caused or
aggravated by outsourcing. Eight years ago Boeing, America’s biggest
aeroplane-maker, decided to follow the example of car firms and hire contractors
to do most of the grunt work on its new 787 Dreamliner. The result was a
nightmare. Some of the parts did not fit together. Some of the dozens of
sub-contractors failed to deliver their components on time, despite having
subcontracted their work to sub-sub-contractors. Boeing had to take over some of
the subcontractors to prevent them from collapsing. If the Dreamliner starts
rolling off the production line towards the end of this year, as Boeing
promises, it will be billions over budget and three years behind schedule.
Outsourcing can go wrong in a colorful variety of ways. Sometimes companies
squeeze their contractors so hard that they are forced to cut corners. (This is
a big problem in the car industry, where a handful of global firms can bully the
80,000 parts-makers.) Sometimes vendors overpromise in order to win a contract
and then fail to deliver. Sometimes both parties write sloppy contracts. And
some companies undermine their overall strategies with injudicious outsourcing.
Service companies, for example, contract out customer complaints to foreign call
centres and then wonder why their customers hate them.
When outsourcing goes wrong, it is the devil to put right. When companies
outsource a job, they typically eliminate the department that used to do it.
They become entwined with their contractors, handing over sensitive material and
inviting contractors to work alongside their own staff. Extricating themselves
from this tangle can be tough. It is much easier to close a department than to
rebuild it. Sacking a contractor can mean that factories grind to a halt, bills
languish unpaid and chaos mounts.
None of this means that companies are going to re-embrace the River Rouge
model any time soon. Some companies, such as Boeing, are bringing more work back
in-house, in the jargon. But the business logic behind outsourcing remains
compelling, so long as it is done right. Many tasks are peripheral to a firm’s
core business and can be done better and more cheaply by specialists. Cleaning
is an obvious example; many back-office jobs also fit the bill. Outsourcing
firms offer labour arbitrage, using cheap Indians to enter data rather than
expensive Swedes. They can offer economies of scale, too. TPI points out that,
for all the problems in America, outsourcing is continuing to grow in emerging
markets and, more surprisingly, in Europe, where Germany and France are late
converts to the idea.
Companies are rethinking outsourcing, rather than jettisoning it. They are
dumping huge long term deals in favour of smaller, less rigid ones. The
annualized value of “mega-relationship” worth $100m or more a year fell by 62%
this year compared with last. Companies are forming relationships with several
outsourcers, rather than putting all their eggs in few baskets. They are signing
shorter contracts, too. But still, they need to think harder about what their
core business is, and what is peripheral. And above all, newspaper editors need
to say no to the temptation to outsource business columns to cheaper, hungrier
writers.
1. The Ford’s River Rouge Plant case is introduced in the first paragraph
to _____.
indicate the prevalence of outsourcing
lament over the past glory of the plant
explain Boeing’s adoption of a similar model
expose the weakness of its business model
2. Which of the following statements about outsourcing is correct?
Outsourcing in all markets has encountered difficulties.
Outsourcing, if well operated, can help reduce the costs.
Recession is the major cause for less outsourcing in America.
The outsourcing boom will go on indefinitely in spite of problems.
3. Currently companies in America have the following concerns
EXCEPT_____.
low quality of subcontracted products and services
the saturated outsourcing market
drastic increase of disputes over outsourcing
the necessity of reforming outsourcing model
4. Which of the following solutions is NOT suggested in the passage?
Develop several outsourcers to reduce potential risks.
Sign short-term and flexible contracts with outsourcers.
Rebuild the department to do the job once outsourced.
Identify businesses appropriate for outsourcing.
5. The underlined word “peripheral” in paragraph 8 is closest in meaning to
_____.
indispensable B. temporary C. essential D. secondary
Passage Two
Of all the methods of communication invented by humanity over the
centuries, none has disseminated so much information so widely at such high
speeds as the internet. It is both a unifying force and a globalizing one. But,
its very ubiquity makes it a localizing one too, because it is clearly not the
same everywhere, either in what it provides or how it is operated and
regulated.
The smartphone has liberated its users from the PC on his desk, granting
him access on the go not just to remote computers and long-lost friends on the
other side of the world but also to the places around him. If he lives in a
city, as most users do, then his fellow city-dwellers and the buildings, cars
and streets around them are throwing off almost unimaginable quantities of
valuable data from which he will benefit. And although communications across
continents have become cheap and easy, physical proximity to others remains
important in creating new ideas and products—especially (and perhaps ironically)
for companies offering online services. You cannot (yet) have a coffee together
online.
This simultaneously more localized and more globalized world will be more
complicated than the world of old. Different rules will continue to apply to
different countries’ bits of cyberspace. Gartner’s Mr. Prentice thinks that
three basic forces will shape the mobile internet, the transport of data across
it and the content available on it: politician’s demand for control; (most)
people’s desire for freedom; and companies’ pursuit of profit. It is possible to
imagine scenarios in which one of these forces comes out on top. But it is more
likely, says Mr. Prentice, that different combinations of the three forces will
prevail in different places.
What seems certain is that life online will become more local without
becoming any less global. With a smartphone in your hand you can find out more,
if you want to, about what is going on immediately around you. The next bus goes
in five minutes. The coffee shop across the street, where you haven’t been for a
few weeks, is offering you a free cappuccino. Those cushions you looked at
online are available in the department store around the corner. The smartphone
could even help revive the high street if people knew that they could take home
today what Amazon could not deliver until tomorrow.
None of this will reduce the scope or the appetite for catching up with
friends, news and stories from far away. “The truth is that three things will go
on at once,” says Danny Miller, an anthropologist at UCL. There will continue to
be “unprecedented opportunities for homogenization and globalization”, but there
are also “possibilities for great localization”—including services such as
Foursquare. Lastly, there will be a new localism, thanks to an internet full of
local differences that are not confined to particular places. For example,
Trinidadians use Facebook in a distinctive way to reflect local concepts of
scandal and gossip. But because more than half of Trinidadian families have at
least one member living abroad, this form of use is not tied to Trinidad; it
could just as easily be adopted by Trinidadians living in London or Toronto.
A further prediction is that, as people rely more on connected devices to
explore the physical world, digital information will have a growing influence on
how they see the physical realm and on how they move through it. Mr. Gramham and
Mr. Zook, with Andrew Boulton, also of the University of Kentucky, begin a
forthcoming paper by imagining a young woman’s progress through Dublin on a
Saturday night—a kind of digital “ Ulysses”. She checks texts and tweets from
her boyfriend (where is he?), passes a bar (a favorite band once played here)
and looks up a review of a restaurant (seems good). But the city she sees has
been digitally constructed for her. Her boyfriend sends her a text to arrange a
meeting place. She knows about the band because her past online searches have
prompted her smartphone to provide the details. And the restaurant review is
nothing more than the sum of other people’s opinions, delivered
electronically.
And this is harmless, even helpful, but there is a darker side to it. Eli
Pariser, an American journalist, has written of a “filter bubble” in which
people are presented only with ideas and opinions that their past online
behavior suggests they are likely to agree with. As they make their digital way
through the physical realm, something similar may happen. Being steered away
from areas of high crime late at night is no bad thing. But not being pointed
towards a museum or a club because you haven’t been anywhere like it before may
be a missed opportunity. Standing in front of a monument and being given a
version of history that reinforces your prejudice closes rather than opens the
mind.
Yet on the whole it is surely a good thing for the digital and the physical
worlds to become increasingly interwoven. They are complements, not substitutes
for each other. The digital overlay will, in effect, allow people to see not
only through walls (what’s in that shop?) and around corners (is there a taxi
nearby?) but even through time (what happened here in 1945?). Each realm on its
own is fascinating; together they are irresistible.
6. The passage is mainly about _______.
the impact of smartphones upon life online
the globalization brought about by the internet
the interaction between the digital and physical worlds
the development of localism in the era of the globalization
7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is
correct?
The digital world may shape people’s perception of the physical world.
Indulgence in the digital world may cause delusion about the reality.
Connected devices have turned people’s life from local to global.
Smartphones reduce people’s interest in getting information from far
away.
8. The case of a woman’s trip in Dublin in paragraph 6 is presented to
_______.
illustrate the function of smartphones in cities
predict the influence of digital information upon physical life
explain the new findings of some scholars
mimic the life delineated in the novel Ulysses
9. The following factors EXCEPT ______ contribute to the localism in life
online.
easy exploration of the local environment
increasingly distinctive local services
localized regulations regarding the internet
adherence to the local culture and customs
10. The underlined word “ubiquity” in the first paragraph is closest in
meaning to _______.
Uniqueness B. Strength C. Universality D. Accessibility
Section II
Directions: Read the following two passages and answer in COMPLETE
SENETNECES the questions which follow the passages. Write your answers in the
corresponding space in your answer sheet.
Passage Three
The BBC has long dominated Britain’s media, but in recent years it has got
even bigger, both absolutely and relatively. Many serious broadsheet and local
newspapers are dying. Tabloid newspapers have been shamed by a phone-hacking
scandal, and are likely to endure stricter oversight in future. The corporation
gets £3.6 billion ($5.7 billion) a year from a licence fee levied on every
household that watches television, and is therefore invulnerable to the vagaries
of the media market, while the technological change that has caused other media
outlets to shrivel has given the BBC new scope for expansion. It has huge online
presence and a proliferation of digital television channels and radio stations.
With a staff of around 23,000, it is the largest broadcaster in the world.
The BBC makes good use of some of this money. Its documentaries, serious
radio output (such as “Today”) and website are excellent. Although polls show
trust in it is declining, the reputations of other great British institutions,
such as Parliament and the City, have fallen further still. The BBC remains
respected around the world and is a handy tool for projecting British
interests—cheaper and cleaner than bombs.
Yet Britons’ attention has drifted to other entertainments. The BBC’s share
of British viewing time has dropped from over a half three decades ago to under
a third today as pay-television and free multichannel services have grown.
Britons have noticed. According to a YouGov survey in 2010, 60% regard the
licence fee as poor value for money. And the decline of private-sector media
outlets raises questions about the impact of the BBC’s public subsidy. The
Guardian, for instance, might make a go of being a British-based global online,
leftish news provider, were it not for the state-funded competition.
The BBC’s size is a problem not just for the competition but for the
organization itself. Its bloated management means that those at the top do not
know what’s going on at the bottom, and stunts creativity. Few of its dramas or
comedies are world-beaters (“Downton Abbey”, a current hit, is made by an
American-owned independent studio and broadcast on ITV). Even in news, recent
big stories, such as phone-hacking and MP’s expenses, have been broken by
impoverished newspapers, not the sluggish state-backed monolith. Editors should
edit— and be responsible for it— not report to compliance officers.
The radical solution would be to get rid of a lot of the BBC. Public
broadcasting should focus on areas where the market does not provide— expensive
things such as investigative journalism and foreign reporting, serious radio,
some areas of arts and science broadcasting— and forget about the prime-time
entertainment shows and sports where the BBC spends taxpayers’ money bidding up
stars’ wages. A smaller, more focused organization would find it easier to take
risks and innovate.
The BBC’s defenders say that, without popular fodder like “Strictly Come
Dancing”, audiences would shrink, and the licence fee become impossible to
defend. It probably would; and a good thing too, since it is a regressive tax.
Public-service broadcasting should be paid for by the Treasury, through a
long-term grant made by a self-perpetuating independence body that kept it at
arm’s length from politicians.
A better objection to a complete overhaul now is that politicians have no
appetite for such a radical solution, and the BBC needs a set of fixes quickly.
One useful change would be to split the job of director-general into those of
chief executive and editor-in-chief. The first would be a manager, charged with
making the monolith more efficient; the second would be a journalist, charged
with producing accurate, hard-hitting stories— and refocusing the output on
quality.
Britons are naturally resistant to radical ideas. As the 20th century
showed, that is, by and large, a good thing. The danger, though, is that
unreformed organizations wither and die, or implode. The media business is one
of Britain’s strengths. If it is to stay that way, the BBC needs to change.
11. How has the BBC “grown even bigger, both absolutely and
relatively”?
12. What difficulties is the BBC confronted with, according to the
passage?
13. What is the purpose of the author mentioning “Downton Abbey” and other
big stories in paragraph four?
14. What suggestions have been put forward in the passage to address the
current situation of the BBC?
15. What is the main idea of the passage?
Passage Four
For half a century an influential group of Western linguists, led by Noam
Chomsky, have argued that language is an innate human faculty, the product of a
“language organ” in the mind. Other prominent “innatists” include Steven Pinker,
an evolutionary psychologist and author of “The Language Instinct”, and Derek
Bickerton, a linguist at the University of Hawaii and developer of a
“bioprogramme” theory of language. Innatists believe that all languages share
fundamental features. And linguistic innatism is part of a wider debate about
just how much of human nature is wired into the brain.
Daniel Everett, a linguist at Bentley University in Massachusetts,
disagrees on both innatism and the fundamental similarity of languages. He spent
years learning tiny languages in forbidding jungle villages, experiences he
recounted in his 2008 memoir, “Don’t Sleep, There Are Snakes”. In his new book,
“Language: The Cultural Tool”, Mr. Everett moves away from narrow linguistic
anthropology to broad theory. He argues that language is not the product of a
“language organ” but an extension of general intelligence.
Instead of unfolding in the same way in Paris and Papua New Guinea,
languages are crafted by their speakers to meet their needs. He cites the
Pirahii, the Brazilian Amazonian group he has spent the longest time living
with. There are no numbers beyond two in Pirahii because, Mr. Everett argues,
they have no money, engage in little barter trade, do not store food for the
future and do not think about the distant past. This “living for the moment”,
which the Pirahii enjoy (they think Western life sounds dreadful), shapes their
language.
That different cultures have different words is unsurprising. It is when
these differences affect cognition (the Pirahii cannot do maths, for example)
that things get interesting. But Mr. Everett’s most controversial argument, and
his biggest challenge to linguistic innatism, is about grammar.
Mr. Chomsky has argued that “recursion” is the key feature of all human
language. This is the embedding of smaller units inside bigger ones: a
subordinate clause is a kind of recursion, embedding a sentence in a bigger one.
Mr. Everett says that the Pirahii lack grammatical recursion, and that even if
recursion is universal (Piraha use it in stories if not within sentences), this
does not prove the existence of the language organ. Information is naturally
organized with smaller bits nesting inside larger ones. That nearly all humans
would find this linguistically useful is little different than widely varying
societies independently inventing the bow and arrow— it is simply useful, and no
proof of an instinct. True instincts, like turtles making their way to the sea
or ducklings bonding with their mothers, require no learning. Language does.
Animals do not truly excel in their deployment of basic instincts, whereas some
humans clearly use language much better than others.
But Mr. Everett, in trying to reach a popular audience while making an
argument aimed at professional linguists, makes some awkward compromises. He
cites a paper by other researchers claiming to have found that there are no
features that are common to all languages, an argument that is crucial to his
thesis. But he does not give enough detail for the reader. Later he even
contradicts himself, saying that all languages have nouns and verbs.
He argues that differences between societies lead to profound differences
between languages, but fails to drive the point home fully. The Wari people use
the word “hole” or “vagina” as the ordinary word for “wife”. Could this be
denigrating of women? Or, since the birth canal is the point of departure for
human life, could it be a way of praising them? Mr. Everett is not sure. Or take
Banawa, another Amazonian language, in which the default gender of an unknown
person or mixed group of people is feminine, not masculine as in most languages.
The Banawa also practice rigid gender segregation, even whipping young girls
bloody after their first menstruation. Could the unusual gender-assignment of
Babawa be a product of this gender-segregated Banawa society? “The only answer
at present is, ‘Perhaps’,” he writes. Even the lack of grammatical recursion in
Piraha, Mr. Everett’s key piece of evidence that it is culture that creates
language, cannot tell the whole tale. Similar tribal cultures have languages
bristling with recursion.
Mr. Everett thinks it possible that culture influences grammar, but he is
not sure. He acknowledges that conjecture about what causes linguistic
differences has been a staple of much irresponsible amateur linguistics. It is
hard to work out where culture has affected language, where language affects
culture and cognition (a hot topic of psycholinguistic research), and where the
differences are unrelated. Mr. Everett has taken a shot across the innatists’
bow, and an impressively modest and reasoned one given that Mr. Chomsky once
called him a charlatan. His case is not wholly proven, but it deserves a serious
reading, and a response beyond name-calling.
16. According to the passage, what are the major differences between Noam
Chomsky and Daniel Everett regarding language?
17. What conclusion does Daniel Everett draw from the fact that the Pirahii
do not have numbers beyond two?
18. How do Noam Chomsky and Daniel Everett explain respectively the
phenomenon that information is organized with small units inside larger
ones?
19. What is the weakness of Daniel Everett’s argument in his new book,
according to the author of the passage?
20. What is the author’s attitude towards the debates between Daniel
Everett and Noam Chomsky?
III. Writing (30 points, 60 minutes)
The following is an excerpt quoted from a newspaper. Write a composition of
about 400 words about the phenomenon indicated and your opinion about it.
Fewer and fewer native Chinese learn to produce characters in traditional
calligraphy. Instead, they write their language with a computer, the same way
most westerners do. And not only that, but they use the Roman alphabet to
produce Chinese characters: type in wo and Chinese language-support software
will offer a menu of characters pronounced wo; the user selects the one desired.
With less and less need to recall the character cold, they are forgetting
them.
页:
[1]