2017考研英语拓展阅读：2016年可能是“史上最热一年”
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2016 will “very likely” be the hottest year on record, according to the
United Nations World Meteorological Organization.
联合国世界气象组织表示，2016年将“很有可能”是史上最热的一年。
According to a news release from the WMO, 2016 will likely eclipse the
previous hottest year, 2015.
世界气象组织最新的一份报告显示，2016年很有可能比2015年还热。
“Another year. Another record. The high temperatures we saw in 2015 are set
to be beaten in 2016,” said WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. “The extra
heat from the powerful El Ni?o event has disappeared. The heat from global
warming will continue.”
“每一年都能打破纪录。我们在2015年观测到的最高温度可能会被2016年超过。”世界气象组织秘书长皮特里·塔拉斯说，“来自于厄尔尼诺现象的那部分多出来的温度已经消失了。但是来自于全球变暖的热度还会继续。”
The WMO said preliminary data from 2016 show that global temperatures are
“1.2° Celsius above pre-industrial levels.”
世界气象组织表示，2016年的初步数据显示，全球温度比“前工业化时代高了1.2摄氏度”。
They added that temperatures from January to September of this year have
been around 0.88° Celsius higher than the 14°C baseline set from 1961 to
1990.
他们补充说，从1961年到1990年，1月到9月的温度比基准线14摄氏度高出了大约0.88度。
The spike in temperatures for the first months of the year was driven, in
part, by a strong El Nino during 2015 and 2016.
前几个月温度的猛增，一定程度上是因为2015年到2016年期间强大的厄尔尼诺现象。
If the WMO’s projections about 2016 are correct, that would mean “16 of the
17 hottest years on record have been this century (1998 was the other one).”
如果世界气象组织对2016年的预测是准确的，那这么意味着“本世纪记录的17年中有16年都是‘最热之年’(1998年除外)”。
Some areas of the world saw even more extreme temperatures.
世界上的一些地方已经见识过了极端的温度。
“In parts of Arctic Russia, temperatures were 6°C to 7°C above the
long-term average. Many other Arctic and sub-Arctic regions in Russia, Alaska
and northwest Canada were at least 3°C above average,” Taalas said. “We are used
to measuring temperature records in fractions of a degree, and so this is
different.”
“在北极以及俄罗斯的一些地方，温度比长期平均温度高出6-7摄氏度。很多俄罗斯、阿拉斯加州以及加拿大西北部的北极以及次北极地区，温度都比平均温度高出至少3摄氏度。”塔拉斯说，“我们以前以一度为单位进行衡量，所以有些不同。”
The rise in global temperatures, he says, drives extreme weather.
他说，全球温度升高会导致极端天气。
“Because of climate change, the occurrence and impact of extreme events has
risen,” said Taalas. “‘Once in a generation’ heatwaves and flooding are becoming
more regular. Sea level rise has increased exposure to storm surges associated
with tropical cyclones.”
“因为气候变化，极端事件的发生率和影响都变强了。”塔拉斯说，“一旦有一波热浪和洪水来袭，那么就会变得越来越频繁。海平面上升增加了与热带气旋有关的风暴潮的风险。”
Taalas added that the WMO is “working to improve monitoring of greenhouse
gas emissions” to help countries reduce them.
塔拉斯补充说，世界气象组织“正在致力于增加对温室气体排放的监控”，帮助各国减少排放。
He said better climate predictions can help populations prepare better for
coming changes.
他说，良好的气候预测可以帮助人们应对即将到来的改变。
“There is a great need to strengthen the disaster early warning and climate
service capabilities of especially developing countries. This is a powerful way
to adapt to climate change,” Taalas said.
“很有必要加强灾害早期预警和气候服务水平，尤其是对发展中国家来说。要用强有力的方式才能适应气候变化。”塔拉斯说。
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