2017考研英语拓展阅读：习近平为世界经济号脉 倡导包容合作
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HANGZHOU, CHINA — The global economy is being threatened by rising
protectionism and risks of high leverage are accumulating, Chinese President Xi
Jinping said at the open of a two-day summit of leaders from G-20 nations.
中国杭州报道——中国国家主席习近平在为期两天的G20领导人峰会的开幕致辞中说，日益抬头的保护主义正在威胁着全球经济，高杠杆风险也在慢慢积累。
His warning on Sunday followed bilateral talks with Barack Obama that the
U.S. president described as "extremely productive," but which failed to bring
the two sides closer on thorny topics such as tensions in the South China
Sea.
在周日开幕致辞之后的双边会谈中，美国总统奥巴马称习近平的警告是“相当有效的”，但这并没有弥合南海问题紧张局势的敏感话题。
With the summit tucked in between Britain’s surprise vote in June to exit
the European Union and the U.S. presidential election in November, G-20 leaders
are expected by observers to mount a defense of free trade and globalization and
warn against isolationism.
这次峰会夹在两次大事之间——六月份英国公投“脱欧”以及十一月份的美国总统大选。分析人士希望G20各国领导人能利用这次峰会来保护自由贸易和全球化，警惕孤立主义。
But some of the G-20 leaders have begun drawing battle lines in disputes
over issues ranging from trade and investment to tax policy and industrial
overcapacity.
但是其中一些领导人已经开始就贸易、投资、税收政策以及工业产能过剩等争议问题划分战线了。
The global economy is "at a crucial juncture," Xi said, hemmed in by
sluggish demand, financial market volatility and feeble trade and
investment.
习近平说，全球经济现在处于“危急关头”，面临着需求疲软、金融市场波动和贸易投资无力的困境。
"Growth drivers from the previous round of technological progress are
gradually fading, while a new round of technological and industrial revolution
has yet to gain momentum."
“上一轮科技进步带来的增长动能逐渐衰减，新一轮科技和产业革命尚未形成势头。”
Other leaders attending the summit in the eastern Chinese city of Hangzhou
include Russia’s Vladimir Putin, Japan’s Shinzo Abe, Britain’s Theresa May,
Germany’s Angela Merkel, France’s Francois Hollande and India’s Narendra
Modi.
来到中国东部城市杭州参加峰会的其他领导人有：俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京、日本首相安倍晋三、英国首相特雷莎·梅、德国总理安吉拉·默克尔、法国总统弗朗西斯·奥朗德以及印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪。
Security was extremely tight in Hangzhou, with parts of the city of 9
million people turned into a virtual ghost town as China seeks to ensure that
the G-20 summit is incident-free.
杭州的安保非常严格，这个有着900万人口的城市的部分地区几乎成了虚拟鬼城，因为中国要保证G20峰会的绝对安全，不出事故。
Obama, who arrived on Saturday, held talks with Xi that ran late into the
night. He urged Beijing to uphold its legal obligations in the disputed waters
of the South China Sea, and stressed U.S. commitments to its regional
allies.
奥巴马于周六到达杭州，连夜与习近平举行会谈。他敦促中国政府在南海问题中坚持自己的合法权益，并向美国在该地区的盟友作出承诺。
Xi said China would continue to safeguard its sovereignty and maritime
rights in the South China Sea.
习近平说，中国将继续捍卫在南海的领土主权和制海权。
But China is keen to keep the summit focused on economic issues and to
prevent other disputes from overshadowing it.
但是中国非常愿意把峰会的关注点聚焦在经济问题上，防止其他问题掩盖了经济问题的讨论。
On Sunday, Xi held talks with Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull
and told him he hoped Australia would continue to provide a fair, transparent
and predictable policy environment for foreign investors.
习近平于周日与澳大利亚总理马尔科姆·特恩布尔举行会谈，表示希望澳大利亚能够继续为外国投资者提供公平、透明、可预测的政策环境。
China was angered when Australia blocked the A$10 billion ($7.7 billion)
sale of the country’s biggest energy grid to Chinese bidders last month.
对于上个月中国企业收购价值100亿澳元(77亿美元)的澳大利亚电网受阻一事，中方表示非常气愤。
China has accused Australia of bowing to protectionist sentiment in
blocking the bid for Ausgrid, as well as an earlier one by a China-led
consortium to buy cattle company Kidman & Co.
中国谴责澳大利亚阻止收购澳大利亚国家电网是向贸易保护主义思潮低头，另一事例是中国主导的财团收购畜牧业公司Kidman & Co。
Beijing has also criticized Australia, a staunch U.S. ally, for running
surveillance flights over disputed islands in the South China Sea.
中国也就澳大利亚这个美国的坚实盟友向南海争议岛屿派遣侦察机提出了批评。
Meanwhile, European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker said on Sunday
China must set up a mechanism to address its problem of industrial overcapacity,
saying it was "unacceptable" the European steel industry had lost so many jobs
in recent years.
同时，欧盟理事会主席吉恩-克劳德·容克周日表示，中国必须设立一个机制来解决工业产能过剩的问题，称欧盟钢铁行业近年来丢失大量工作机会是“不可接受的”。
"Overcapacity is a global problem but there is a particular Chinese
element," he told a news conference.
“产能过剩是世界性的问题，但是中国尤为突出。”他在新闻发布会上说。
Britain’s future after its departure from the European Union was also
subject to discussion.
英国“脱欧”之后的未来也是讨论的热点问题。
Obama reassured Prime Minister May that Britain’s closest political,
commercial and military ally would stand by her, but did not shrink away from
his stance that Brexit was a mistake and that London would not be able to jump
the queue to arrange a bilateral deal.
奥巴马再次向英国首相梅表示，美国依然是她在政治上、经济上和军事上的坚定盟友，但是他依然坚持“脱欧是个错误”的立场，认为英国没有能力急于安排双边贸易。
Juncker said that if Britain wanted access to the European Union’s common
market, it needed to respect the rules of the common market.
容克说，如果英国想要进入欧盟的共同市场，就要尊重共同市场的规则。
Turnbull, meanwhile, said Australia wanted an early free trade agreement
with Britain so markets could remain open between them when Britain formally
left the European trading bloc.
同时，特恩布尔表示澳大利亚希望与英国建立早期自由贸易协定，这样两国之间的市场就可以在英国正式“脱欧”之后继续保持开放。
Obama, now in the last five months of his presidency, is using the visit to
put a final stamp on his signature policy shift toward the Pacific, setting the
tone for his White House successor, who will be elected in November and take
office on Jan. 20.
还有五个月就要卸任的奥巴马正在利用这次访问机会，把战略重心转移到太平洋这边，为十一月份即将选出、明年1月20日就任的继任者定下基调。
His visit began chaotically at the Hangzhou airport, where his staff argued
with Chinese security over media access. He was also not offered a staircase to
disembark at the front of Air Force One, and staffers had to scramble to find an
alternative exit.
他的杭州之旅开始得有些混乱，他的随行人员就媒体获取方面和中方安保发生了争执。空军一号前面没有安排舷梯，随行人员们只好急急忙忙地找了别的出口。
Obama said on Sunday he "wouldn’t over-crank the significance" of the
airport events.
奥巴马周日表示他“不会把机场的事放在心上”。
"None of this detracts from the broader scope of the relationship (with
China)," he told a news conference. "The bilateral discussions that we had
yesterday were extremely productive and continue to point to big areas of
cooperation."
“这点小事不会影响(和中国)在大局上的关系。”奥巴马在新闻发布会上说，“我们昨天进行的双边会谈相当有效，继续指向大国之间的合作。”
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