2017考研英语拓展阅读：美联储主席发表讲话释放加息信号
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The case for raising US interest rates has "strengthened", the head of the
Federal Reserve has said.
美国联邦储备委员会主席耶伦表示，未来数月美元加息的可能性有所加大。
Speaking at an annual meeting of central bankers, Janet Yellen was
cautiously upbeat about the US economy.
在杰克逊霍尔央行年会上，耶伦谨慎地表达了对美国经济的乐观态度。
She said economic growth and a stronger jobs market meant "the case for an
increase in the federal funds rate has strengthened in recent months".
耶伦说：“随着经济的增长，就业市场的强化”未来几个月美联储加息的可能性加强。
There has been a growing expectation that US interest rates will rise this
year.
外界关于美元将于今年加息的预期不断升温。
Some economists are saying that the next hike could even come next
month.
甚至有经济学家认为美元下个月就有可能实现加息。
The central bank raised interest rates at the end of last year for the
first time in nearly a decade, but has held them steady amid concerns over
persistently low inflation.
去年年末，美联储启动了十年来首次加息，与此同时外界对美元低通货的担忧一直未断。
’Gradual’ rises
加息，慢慢来
Ms Yellen, speaking at a three-day symposium in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, did
not comment on when rates would rise. But she said "the US economy was nearing
the Federal Reserve’s statutory goals of maximum employment and price
stability".
为期三天的全球央行会议在美国怀俄明州杰克逊霍尔举行，美联储主席耶伦并未在讲话中提到美元加息的具体时间但是表示：“美国经济在不断靠近美联储充分就业和价格稳定的两大政策目标,未来数月加息的可能性有所加大。”
She added: "In light of the continued solid performance of the labour
market and our outlook for economic activity and inflation, I believe the case
for an increase in the federal funds rate has strengthened in recent
months."
同时耶伦还补充说：“考虑到美国劳动力市场的稳固表现以及美联储对经济和通胀的预期,我认为未来几个月内加息的可能性有所加大。”
However, Ms Yellen emphasised that future rate increases should be
"gradual".
但是耶伦强调，未来的加息将会是“循序渐进的”
She noted that inflation is still running below the Fed’s 2% target, but
said this is being depressed mainly by temporary factors.
她?指出目前美元的通胀率仍然低于美联储2%的目标，但是出现这种情况主要是受暂时性的因素影响。
Growth data
增长数据
Subadra Rajappa, head of rates strategy at Societe Generale , said: "We
weren’t really expecting her to signal a hike at the September meeting, but
she’s just kept the door open for a hike sooner rather than later.
法国兴业银行利率策略主管Subadra
Rajappa表示：“实际上，我们并未期待她会暗示9月份的加息”，但是她的讲话刚好为美联储提前加息而不是推迟提供了可能。
I think that the Fed wants to get the market to start pricing in a hike for
this year, which they weren’t doing earlier, and now I’m seeing the probability
of a hike by December has gone up slightly over a coin toss.
美联储希望市场开始押注美联储将在2016年加息，使得12月份加息的可能性略微超过50%。”
John Canally, economist at Boston-based LPL Financial, added: "It looks
like she is warming a little more to a hike this year, probably not September
but probably December."
美国利普乐金融集团首席经济学家John Canally 补充说：“看起来，耶伦主张在今年加息的可能更大一些，可能是12月而非9月。”
Signs of slow improvements in the US economy came in data published on
Friday. Although the growth rate of second quarter GDP was revised down
slightly, from an annual rate of 1.2% to 1.1%, consumer spending - which makes
up more than two-thirds of US economic activity - was revised up from 4.2% to
4.4%.
周五，关于美国经济缓慢回温的各项迹象形成数据对外发布。数据显示，虽然第二季度GDP增幅为1.1%，稍低于上次1.2%的增幅，但是占到美国所有经济活动三分之二的消费性开支则实现小幅上涨，从
4.2% 增长到4.4%。
Separately, US Labor Department figures showed that claims for state
unemployment benefits slipped 1,000 to a seasonally adjusted 261,000 for the
week ended 20 August. It was the third straight weekly decline in claims.
另外，美国劳工部发布的数据显示，经季节调整后，在截至8月20日的一周，美国首次申请失业救济人数为26.1万，比前一周未经修正的数字下降1000人。至此美国领取失业救济的人数连续三周下降。
On Tuesday, Commerce Department data showed that US new homes sales jumped
in July to their fastest rate in nearly nine years.
周二，美国商业部发布的数据显示六月美国新房出售量创下九年来最好纪录。
Ms Yellen’s remarks helped lift US share markets in early trading. On the
currency markets, the dollar was flat against the euro at $1.1286 and slightly
lower against the yen at 100.28 yen.
耶伦讲话提振了美国股市早盘。在外汇市场,美元兑欧元汇率持平在1.1286美元，兑日圆稍低,报100.28日元。
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