2017考研英语拓展阅读：俄罗斯又增37名运动员被禁赛
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Earlier on Tuesday, eight athletes across canoeing, modern pentathlon and
sailing were banned, as seven swimmers and three rowers were on Monday.
周二早些时候，俄罗斯8名参加皮划艇、现代五项和帆船的运动员被禁赛，7名游泳运动员以及三名赛艇运动员在周一的时候被禁赛。
Governing bodies are making the rulings following the damning World
Anti-Doping Agency (Wada) report into state-sponsored doping in the country.
之前世界反兴奋剂机构 (Wada)发布的一份报告曝光了俄罗斯国家资助兴奋剂的丑闻，管理机构正是据此作出禁赛裁决的。
The Rio Games begin on 5 August.
2016里约奥运会将于8月5日开赛。
The International Olympic Committee has said individual federations should
decide if Russians can compete following Wada’s report.
国际奥委会表示说，个人单项体育联合会应该作出决定，在Wada报告的情况下，俄罗斯运动员是否可以参加比赛。
Wada president Sir Craig Reedie said he was "disappointed" with that
decision, while Germany’s Olympic discus champion Robert Harting said he was
"ashamed" of his compatriot Thomas Bach, president of the IOC.
Wada主席克雷格·里迪爵士表示说他对这个决定感到很“失望”，而德国铁饼奥运会冠军罗伯特·哈丁说他对自己的同胞托马斯·巴赫--国际奥委会主席--感到耻辱。
Some international federations have banned Russians from competing
altogether, some have issued a partial ban, while others have cleared all
Russian athletes to take part.
一些国际单项体育联合会完全禁止俄罗斯运动员参赛，一些单项体育联合会则采取了部分禁止的措施，还有其他一些联合则宣布所有俄罗斯运动员都可以参赛。
Athletics’ governing body, the IAAF, had already opted to ban Russian track
and field athletes unless they can satisfy strict doping criteria. So far, only
one athlete has been able to do that.
田径运动的管理机构--国际田联--已经选择禁止俄罗斯田径运动员参赛，除非他们能够满足严格的兴奋剂标准。到目前为止，只有一名运动员能够做到。
The rowers
赛艇运动员。
Governing body Fisa said the latest 17 rowers and two coxes to be banned
are "not considered to have participated in doping" but do not meet the IOC’s
criteria of having been tested in labs outside of Russia.
管理机构国际赛艇联合会表示说，这最新的17名赛艇运动员和2名舵手之所以被禁赛，“不是因为他们服用了兴奋剂”，而是因为在俄罗斯以外国家的实验室测试结果没有达到国际奥委会的标准。
Canoeing and kayaking
独木舟和皮划艇。
International Canoe Federation secretary general Simon Toulson said his
organisation had taken "swift action and removed all offending athletes where
doping evidence exists".
国际皮划艇联合会秘书长西蒙·托尔森表示说，该组织已经“迅速采取了行动，取消了所有违规使用兴奋剂运动员的参赛资格”。
Elena Aniushina, Natalia Podolskaya, Alexander Dyachenko, Andrey Kraitor
and Alexey Korovashkov have been suspended pending further investigation, but
there would be no federation-wide ban, a statement added.
一份声明指出，Elena Aniushina、Natalia Podolskaya、Alexander Dyachenko、Andrey
Kraitor和Alexey Korovashkov已经被暂停资格以等待进行进一步的调查，但是不会有全联盟的禁赛命令。
Korovashkov, a five-time world champion, won bronze in the doubles canoe
sprint at London 2012, where Dyachenko won gold in the doubles kayak sprint.
Alexey Korovashkov曾五次获得过世界冠军，在2012年伦敦奥运会上获得双人独木舟项目铜牌，当时Alexander
Dyachenko获得了双人皮划艇项目的金牌。
Modern pentathlon
现代五项。
Modern pentathlon’s governing body the UIPM said Maksim Kustov and Ilia
Frolov had also been named in the Wada-commissioned McLaren report.
现代五项管理机构UIPM表示说，Maksim Kustov和Ilia Frolov的名字也在Wada委员会的报告之中。
But the three other athletes named in Russia’s squad would be allowed to
compete, it added.
UIPM补充说道，其他三名被点名的俄罗斯队运动员将被允许参赛。
The sailors
帆船运动员。
Pavel Sozykin was the competitor banned by World Sailing. The governing
body said the other six Russian sailors would be allowed to compete, and a
replacement for Sozykin would be allowed.
世界帆船协会禁止Pavel Sozykin参赛。该组织表示说，其他六名俄罗斯帆船运动员将可以参赛，并且允许俄罗斯代表队找人替代Pavel
Sozykin的资格。
Meanwhile, the International Judo Federation and the International Shooting
Sport Federation have said they will allow Russia’s squads to compete at the
Olympics.
与此同时，国际柔道联合会、以及国际射击运动联合会表示，他们将允许俄罗斯代表队运动员参加奥运会。
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