2017考研英语拓展阅读：和聪明的人在一起会变聪明
考研英语阅读能力提升需要不断地积累练习，通过多阅读来积累词汇，提升阅读速度，强化把握主旨能力。2017考研复习之初，时间相对充裕，新东方在线建议大家每天多做一些阅读，可娱乐也可增长见闻，还能提升能力。下面一篇文章是关于和聪明的人在一起会变聪明。2017考研英语拓展阅读：和聪明的人在一起会变聪明
Next time you raise an eyebrow at the views of your partner, friend,
sibling or colleague, remember they could be helping to make you smarter.
下一次当你被伴侣、朋友、兄弟姊妹或同事的观点惊到时，请记住他们可能会帮你变得更聪明一点。
New research shows that intelligence is not fixed but can be boosted
throughout adulthood by family members, bright mates and intellectually
stretching careers.
一项新研究显示，智力不是固定不变的，而是在整个成年期都会受到影响，家庭成员、聪明的配偶以及拓展智力的职业都会促进智力的提高。
Stimulating households where people talk, make jokes and challenge each
other can boost IQ levels by several points, as can jobs that mentally energise
employees.
可以谈话、说笑、互相叫板的这种活跃的家庭，以及能激励员工思考的工作，都可以使智商水平提高几分。
The study challenges the commonly held notion that intelligence is ‘static’
by the age of about 18.
人们普遍认为，智商到了18岁左右就“静止”了，此研究否认了这个说法。
Current scientific consensus suggests that intelligence is controlled by
genes, with environmental factors such as schooling and nutrition playing a part
up to this age. After this point, IQ scores stabilise.
目前科学界的共识表明，智力由基因控制，教育和营养等环境因素在18岁之前也有一定的影响。18岁之后，智商就稳定了。
But James Flynn, Emeritus professor of political studies and psychology at
the University of Otago in New Zealand, argues that people can ‘upgrade’ their
own intelligence throughout their lives.
但是新西兰奥塔哥大学政治学和心理学退休荣誉教授詹姆斯•弗林说，人们能一辈子“升级”自己的智商。
He believes intellectual stimulation from others is crucial as the ‘brain
seems to be rather like a muscle – the more you use it, the stronger it
gets’.
他认为，他人的智力刺激非常关键，因为“大脑似乎和肌肉非常像——你用得越多，就越强壮。”
However, the reverse is also true – so people who share a home or workplace
with the intellectually challenged risk seeing their IQ levels nosedive as a
result.
然而，反过来说也成立——所以，与脑筋不太好使的人同居一室或一起工作，会有智商直线下降的风险。
Professor Flynn analysed US intelligence tests from the last 65 years and
correlated the results with people’s ages. This enabled him to compile new IQ
‘age tables’.
弗林教授分析了美国过去65年的智力测试，研究了测试结果与年龄的相关性。通过这项研究，他编制了新的智商“年龄表”。
He found the ‘cognitive quality’ of a family alters the IQs of all members,
especially children.
他发现一个家庭的“认知特性”能改变所有家庭成员的智商，特别是孩子。
It can ‘lift’ or hold them back, depending on the ‘gap between their
brightness and that of their siblings and parents’.
他们的智商提高或降低，取决于“他们本人的智力水平和兄弟姐妹、父母智力水平的差异”。
A bright ten-year-old with brothers and sisters of average intelligence
will suffer a five to ten point IQ disadvantage compared to a similar child with
equally bright siblings, the ‘age tables’ revealed.
“年龄表”显示，一个10岁大的聪明孩子，如果兄弟姐妹智商平平，智商会比有同样聪明的兄弟姐妹的相似孩子低5到10分。
However, children with a low IQ could gain six to eight points by having
brighter siblings and special educational treatment to help pull them up.
但是，低智商的孩子，如果有更聪明的兄弟姐妹，并受到特别的教育，智商就可以提高6到8分。
Professor Flynn, whose book, Does Your Family Make You Smarter? comes out
next month, also concluded that although genetics and early life experiences
determine about 80 percent of intelligence, the remaining 20 percent is linked
to lifestyle.
弗林教授也总结说，尽管基因和早年人生经验决定80%的智商，还有剩下的20%受生活方式的影响。弗林教授的书《你的家庭让你变聪明了吗?》将在下月出版。
This means that people can raise their IQ, or allow it to fall, by ten
points or more.
这说明人们可以提高自己的智商，或任其下降，幅度可达10分或更多。
Professor Flynn suggests that the best way to boost IQ levels is to
socialise with bright friends, find an intellectually challenging job and marry
someone cleverer.
弗林教授建议说，提升智商最好的方法就是和聪明的朋友交往、找一个挑战智力的工作，以及同比你聪明的人结婚。
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