2016考研英语阅读每日精选：北京发布严重雾霾警告
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The authorities in the Chinese capital, Beijing, have issued their highest
smog warning so far this year.
中国首都北京的专家们，已经发布了迄今为止最高的雾霾警报。
The "orange level" alert declared on Sunday is the second highest possible,
requiring factories to cut production.
周日宣布的“橙色级”警报是二级警报，它要求工厂减少生产。
On Sunday, some pollution readings in parts of the city reached about 17
times the level considered safe by the World Health Organisation.
周日，部分城市的污染指数比世界卫生组织推荐的安全指数高出了近17倍。
Air pollution is a chronic health-risk for those living and working in the
capital and other major Chinese cities.
空气污染对于在首都和其他主要城市生活和工作的人来说，是一种慢性健康风险。
China’s state media says the declaration of this orange level alert
requires industrial plants to reduce or shut down production.
中国官方媒体说，这一橙色预警的宣布需要工业工厂减少或关闭生产。
Building sites are not allowed to transport materials or waste and
heavy-duty trucks are banned from the city’s roads.
建筑工地不准运输材料、垃圾并且禁止重型卡车通过城市道路。
Some reports suggest that visibility has fallen to a few hundred metres in
some places.
有报道指出，在一些地方，能见度已经下降到几百米。
At noon on Sunday, the air pollution monitor operated by the US Embassy in
Beijing reported that the intensity of the poisonous, tiny particles of PM 2.5
reached more than 400 micrograms per cubic metre in some of the worst-affected
areas.
周日中午，美国驻北京大使馆操作的空气污染监测仪显示，在一些受影响最严重的地区，可吸入颗粒物，即PM2.5，每立方米超过400微克。
The World Health Organization considers 25 micrograms per cubic metre to be
a safe level.
世界卫生组织认为安全范围是每立方米25微克。
Coal-powered industries and heating systems, as well as dust from
construction sites, all contribute to the smog which has been exacerbated by
humidity and a lack of wind.
煤炭工业和供热系统，以及建筑工地的灰尘，都会因湿度和风力减小而加剧雾霾的形成。
A cold front, expected to arrive on Wednesday, should bring some
relief.
预计寒冷气候于周三到达，政府应做好救济工作。
Reliance on coal
以煤为主
Air pollution is a perennial problem in China’s northeast which is home to
many heavy industries including coal mining.
对于以煤矿为主能源的东北重工业基地，污染是个永恒的问题。
Earlier this month, China’s state media and many residents criticised high
pollution levels in the north-eastern city of Shenyang.
本月早期，中国官方媒体和许多居民批评了中国东北城市沈阳的重度污染。
The People’s Daily said PM 2.5 levels exceeded 1,400 micrograms per cubic
metre. Activists said that may have been the "worst ever" air quality seen in
the country.
人民日报称，沈阳的可吸入颗粒物，即PM2.5，达到了1400毫克每立方米。积极人士称，这是全国“最差”的空气质量了。
Earlier this year China’s environment ministry announced that only eight
out of the country’s 74 biggest cities had passed the government’s basic air
quality standards in 2014.
今年早期，中国环境部宣布，2014年，在中国的74个大城市中，仅有8个达到了政府规定的基本空气质量标准。
Most of the cities found to have the worst air were in the northeast.
空气污染最严重的城市大多数都位于中国东北部。
China is attempting to cut pollution but still relies heavily on coal for
its energy and industrial needs.
中国正在努力减少污染，但是仍然依靠煤作为主要工业能源。
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