2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：医学类(18)
暑期集训来了，如何在暑期两个月创造出双倍的价值是每个考生想要达到的目标。这就需要加倍的努力和科学的规划了。英语方面的复习，大家要持续性背单词，阅读、写作及翻译要多加练习，总结方法技巧，活学活用。下面新东方在线和大家分享医
学类的阅读模拟题，大家不妨集中练习，提升阅读速度和做题技巧。
2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：医学类(18)
Should doctor-assisted suicide ever be a legal option? It involves the
extreme measure of taking the life of a terminally ill patient when the patient
is in extreme pain and the chances for recovery appear to be none.Those who
argue against assisted suicide do so by considering the roles of the patient，the
doctor，and nature in these situations.
Should the patient take an active role in assisted suicide? When a patient
is terminally ill and in great pain，those who oppose assisted suicide say that
it should not be up to that patient to decide what his or her fate will be.There
are greater powers at work that determine when a person dies，for
example，nature.Neither science nor personal preference should take precedence
over these larger forces.
What role should the doctor have? Doctors，when taking the Hippocratic
oath，swear to preserve life at all costs，and it is their ethical and legal duty
to follow both the spirit and the letter of this oath.It is their
responsibilities to heal the sick，and in the cases when healing is not
possible，then the doctor is obliged to make the dying person comfortable.Doctors
are trained never to hasten death.Those who oppose assisted suicide believe that
doctors who do help terminally ill patients die are committing a crime，and they
should be dealt with accordingly.Doctors are also，by virtue of their
humanness，capable of making mistakes.Doctors could quite possibly say，for
instance，that a cancer patient was terminal，and then the illness could later
turn out not to be so serious.There is always an element of doubt concerning the
future outcome of human affairs.
The third perspective to consider when thinking about assisted suicide is
the role of nature.Life is precious.Many people believe that it is not up to
human beings to decide when to end their own or another‘s life.Only nature
determines when it is the right time for a person to die.To assist someone in
suicide is not only to break criminal laws，but to break divine 1aws as well.
These general concerns of those who oppose assisted suicide are valid in
certain contexts of the assisted suicide question.For instance，patients cannot
always be certain of their medical conditions.Pain clouds judgment，and so the
patient should not be the sole arbiter of her or his own destiny.Patients do not
usually choose the course of their medical treatment，so they shouldn‘t be held
completely responsible for decisions related to it.Doctors are also fallible，and
it is understandable that they would not want to make the final decision about
when death should occur.Since doctors are trained to prolong life，they usually
do not elect to take it by prescribing assisted suicide.
I believe that blindly opposing assisted suicide does no one a service.If
someone is dying of cancer and begging to be put out of his or her misery，and
someone gives that person a deadly dose of morphine，that seems merciful rather
than criminal.If we can agree to this，then I think we could also agree that
having a doctor close by measuring the dosage and advising the family and
friends is a reasonable request.Without the doctor‘s previous treatment，the
person would have surely been dead already.Doctors have intervened for months or
even years，so why not sanction this final，merciful intervention?
Life is indeed precious，but an inevitable part of life is death，and it
should be precious，too.If life has become an intolerable pain and intense
suffering，then it seems that in order to preserve dignity and beauty，one should
have the right to end her or his suffering quietly，surely，and with family and
friends nearby.
1. In this passage“doctor-assisted suicide”actually refers to the
practice that doctors____.
kill their patients by intentional inducement
unconsciously help their patients to commit suicide
propose euthanasia(安乐死)to the terminally ill patient
kill their patients with improper prescription
2. People may object to doctor-assisted suicide on the ground
that____.
patients should determine when they want to end their lives
doctors should be punished if they fail to save their patients
doctors may make mistakes in their diagnosis
doctors should wait until their patients‘ death is certain
3. Who has the power to decide when a person should die according
to those who argue against assisted suicide?
The patient. The doctor.
Nature. None of the above.
4. When speaking of the role patients play in assisted suicide，the
author admits that____.
it is not up to them to make the choice
science is a better arbiter than their personal preference
personal preference should not be taken too seriously
they are unable to make the choice in some cases
5. The author makes it clear that____.
he is opposed to doctor-assisted suicide
he is in favor of doctor-assisted suicide
he neither objects to nor favors doctor-assisted suicide
he thinks it better to leave the issue undiscussed at present
参考答案：
1. 第一段第二句实际上是doctor-assisted suicide的定义。
2. 参阅第三段第六、七、八句。
3. 参阅第四段第三、四、五句。
4. 参阅第五段，尤其是本段第一句。
5. 参阅最后一段，尤其是该段第二句。
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