2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：医学类(5)
暑期集训来了，如何在暑期两个月创造出双倍的价值是每个考生想要达到的目标。这就需要加倍的努力和科学的规划了。英语方面的复习，大家要持续性背单词，阅读、写作及翻译要多加练习，总结方法技巧，活学活用。下面新东方在线和大家分享医学类的阅读模拟题，大家不妨集中练习，提升阅读速度和做题技巧。2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：医学类(5)
You hop into your car， but， wait， where are the keys? You meet someone new，
but her name is gone before the handshake's over. Those are failures of your
short-term， or “working，” memory——the place you file information for immediate，
everyday retrieval. It isn't perfect. But researchers are increasingly convinced
that the hormone estrogen could play a key role in maintaining and perhaps even
improving memory. Last week a team of Yale scientists provided dramatic new
evidence that bolsters the theory. Using MRIs——detailed snapshots of the
brain——researchers found that women taking estrogen show significantly more
activity in brain areas associated with memory than women on a placebo. “This is
very exciting，” says Yale's Dr. Sally Shaywitz. “It means that the brain
circuitry for memory had altered.”
After menopause， when estrogen levels plummet， some women become forgetful.
Past research has demonstrated that those who take estrogen do better on memory
tests than their nonmedicated peers do. The hormone may even reduce the risk of
Alzheimer's. The new study， published in last week's Journal of the American
Medical Association， is the first to visually compare the neurocircuitry of
memory both on and off estrogen. The drug made a big difference to participant
Bernadette Settelmeyer： “All of a sudden I was remembering things.”
The women (whose average age was 51) lay down in a brain-imaging machine
where they were shown two types of information： nonsense words (“BAZ” or “DOB”)
to test verbal memory and geometric patterns to assess visual memory. After a
20-second “storage” period， participants saw a mix of old and new and were asked
if anything looked familiar. During each stage of the test——as the women
encoded， stored and retrieved data——researchers took pictures of their brains.
The 46 women underwent the test twice——once while taking a standard daily dose
of estrogen and again while taking a placebo. Beyond the power of estrogen， the
difference in MRIs suggests that the adult brain maintains “plasticity”——the
ability to rewire itself——even as it ages.
There is still plenty of research to be done. Scientists can't yet be sure
estrogen is directly responsible for better memory performance. Despite the
difference in brain activity on and off estrogen， participants' scores did not
change. Researchers say that is probably because the tasks were so simple (the
women got more than 90 percent correct overall)。 Other studies on estrogen and
cognition are short term——and their findings have been inconsistent. And
scientists still can't answer the question facing millions of women： should I
take hormone-replacement therapy? The new study may make estrogen more
appealing， but it should be just “one part of the equation，” says Shaywitz.
Still， it's a memorable one.
注(1)：本文选自Newsweek; 04/19/99， p50;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2002年真题Text 3;
1. The following are the examples of the failures of short-term memory，
except that ___________.
you are not sure whether you‘ve locked the door or not
you cannot recall all your previous experience
you cannot find the key to your car when starting it
you forget the name of a stranger before the greeting is over
2. It can be inferred from the text that women‘s working memory could
probably be improved if _________.
they overuse estrogen
they participate in the experiment
their minds are kept active
the estrogen level is raised
3. The experiment involving 46 ladies shows that _______.
the women should take a normal dose of estrogen
the women‘s brains still have the ability of creation
the estrogen level determines their memory bad or good
the estrogen makes the brain work more actively
4. We can draw a conclusion from the text that ________.
the connection between estrogen and memory is still an open study
the hormone estrogen plays a key role in improving memory.
the low level estrogen makes a woman forgetful
raising the estrogen level can improve the women‘s short-term memory
5. From the text we can see the writer seems ________.
objective
optimistic
sensitive
gloomy
答案：BDDAA
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