2015考研英语阅读冲刺提分：词汇题答题技巧
考研冲刺复习最后三个周，不拼不行！阅读怎么提分？把握各类题型答题技巧，为高分争取更大砝码。新东方在线分享2015考研英语阅读冲刺提分：词汇题答题技巧。考研英语阅读词汇题怎么答？
对于词汇题，可能很多同学觉得这哪有什么技巧啊，就各种背单词呗，的确，单词量不仅仅是做此类题的重要基础，更是做好所有阅读题的基础，但就词汇题本身而言，还是有一定的技巧和方法在里面的，下面我们就来说一说词汇题。
【真题例举】
Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be
this: artists' only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on
the ones that feel bad。
This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music,
are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century,
more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring
as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire's flowers of evil。
You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern
times have seen such misery. But it's not as if earlier times didn't know
perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may
be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today。
After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely
dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost
exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in
which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology。
People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked
until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before
mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church,
which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would
someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art
to be a bummer
too。
Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not
religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors,
text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities
and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda--to
lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.
"Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found
out it could increase the risk of heart attacks。
But what we forget——what our economy depends on is forgetting——is that
happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest
joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded
by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did,
Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that
happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even
more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air。
【问题】
The word “bummer” (Line 5. paragraph 5) most probably means something
A. religious B. unpleasant C. entertaining D. commercial
【解析】
题干和选项译文：
第五段第五行的“bummer”在文中最可能是指某种事物 。
A。有宗教性的 B。令人不愉快的 C。有娱乐性的 D。有商业性的
答案：B
本题定位信息明确，首先定位到第五段最后一句：Given all this, they did not exactly need their art
to be a bummer too。根据all this往前定位：前面几句都在说已经有很多事情在提醒苦难(exhausted, few
protections, died young, in danger, become meat for worms);再定位到此段第一句：People in
earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of
misery。(早期的人们被苦难的提醒包围着。)结合因果关系：given(因为)早起的人们被苦难的提醒物包围，所以不需要艺术再成为和苦难或痛苦相关的东西了。所以C和D很容易排除，A选项可能会受到第三行句子的干扰，…the
most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded
worshippers…有考生将bummer同church相对应得出“宗教的”答案，但是这里的church起的不是宗教的作用而是苦难提醒者的作用。
【方法总结】
通过练习大家也大概能看出来，阅读理解的词汇题并不仅仅是有词汇量就可以做对的，在做题的时候一定要根据文章的上下文来考虑，“词无本义，义由境生”，如果说就着单词本义的话，是十有八九要碰壁的，况且很多时候我们往往对单词本义不了解，那么根据上下文和段落大意来推断也是完全有可能拿下词汇题的。
不同的题型有不同的应对方法，但对于英语阅读的复习却是应对不同题型的通用法宝，不管是词汇、长难句的积累，还是语感的把握，都能为不同解题方法的实施更好地奠定基础，大家一定要双管齐下，才能在考场上出奇制胜。
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