考研英语阅读篇章: 论友谊
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It had been hard for him that spake it to have put more truth and untruth
together in few words, than in that speech, Whatsoever is delighted in solitude,
is either a wild beast or a god. For it is most true, that a natural and secret
hatred, and aversation towards society, in any man, hath somewhat of the savage
beast; but it is most untrue, that it should have any character at all, of the
divine(神圣的) nature; except it proceed, not out of a pleasure in solitude, but
out of a love and desire to sequester a man's self, for a higher conversation:
such as is found to have been falsely and feignedly in some of the heathen; as
Epimenides the Canadian, Numa the Roman, Empedocles the Sicilian, and Apollonius
of Tyana, and truly and really, in divers of the ancient hermits and holy
fathers of the church. But little do men perceive what solitude is, and how far
it extendeth. For a crowd is not company; and faces are but a gallery of
pictures; and talk but a tinkling cymbal, where there is no love. The Latin
adage meeteth with it a little: Magna civitas , magna solitudo; because in a
great town friends are scattered; so that there is not that fellowship, for the
most part, which is in less neighborhoods. But we may go further, and affirm
most truly, that it is a mere and miserable solitude to want true friends;
without which the world is but a wilderness; and even in this sense also of
solitude, whosoever in the frame of his nature and affections, is unfit for
friendship, he taketh it of the beast, and not from humanity.
A principal fruit of friendship, is the ease and discharge of the fulness
and swellings(膨胀) of the heart, which passions of all kinds do cause and induce.
We know diseases of stoppings, and suffocations, are the most dangerous in the
body; and it is not much otherwise in the mind; you may take sarza to open the
liver, steel to open the spleen, flowers of sulphur for the lungs,
castoreum(海狸香) for the brain; but no receipt openeth the heart, but a true
friend; to whom you may impart griefs, joys, fears, hopes, suspicions, counsels,
and whatsoever lieth upon the heart to oppress it, in a kind of civil shrift or
confession.
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