2015年MBA英语阅读练习题及解析4-1
Just as Norman Mailer, John Updike and Philip Roth were at various timesregarded as the greatest American novelist since the second world war, John
Ashbery and Robert Lowell vied for the title of greatest American poet. Yet the
two men could not be more different. Lowell was a public figure who engaged with
politics-in 1967 he marched shoulder-to-shoulder with Mailer in protest against
the Vietnam war, as described in Mailer’s novel "The Armies of the Night".
Lowell took on substantial themes and envisioned himself as a tragic, heroic
figure, fighting against his own demons. Mr Ashbery’s verse, by contrast, is
more beguilingly casual. In his hands, the making of a poem can feel like the
tumbling of dice on a table top. Visible on the page is a delicately playful
strewing of words, looking to engage with each other in a shyly puzzled fashion.
And there is an element of Dada-like play in his unpredictability of address
with its perpetual shifting of tones.
Lowell, who died in 1977 at the age of 60, addressed the world head on. By
contrast, Mr Ashbery, who celebrated his 80th birthday earlier this year,
glances wryly at the world and its absurdities. In this edition of his later
poems, a substantial gathering of verses selected from six volumes published
over the past 20 years, his poetry does not so much consist of themes to be
explored as comic routines to be improvised. He mocks the very idea of the
gravity of poetry itself. His tone can be alarmingly inconsequential, as if the
reader is there to be perpetually wrong-footed. He shifts easily from the
elevated to the work-a-day. His poems are endlessly digressive and there are
often echoes of other poets in his writings, though these always come lightly at
the reader, as though they were scents on the breeze.
Lowell wrote in strict formal measures; some of his last books consisted of
entire sequences of sonnets. Mr Ashbery can also be partial to particular forms
of verse, though these tend to be of a fairly eccentric kind-the cento (a
patchwork of other poets’ works), for example, and the pantoum (a Malaysian
form, said to have been introduced to 19th-century Europe by Victor Hugo). Often
he writes in a free-flowing, conversational manner that depends for its success
upon the fact that the ending of lines is untrammelled by any concern about
whether or not they scan. Within many of his poems, there often seems to be a
gently humorous antagonism between one stanza and the next. Mr Ashbery likes
using similes in his poetry. This is often the poet’s stock-in-trade, but he
seems to single them out in order to send up the very idea of the simile in
poetry, as in "Violets blossomed loudly/ like a swear word in an empty
tank".
Life, for Lowell, was a serious matter, just as he was a serious man. Mr
Ashbery’s approach, as evinced by his poetry, is more that of a gentle shrug of
amused bewilderment. Unlike Lowell’s, his poems are neither autobiographical nor
confessional. He doesn’t take himself that seriously. "Is all of life a tepid
housewarming?" For a poet this is a tougher question to answer than you might
think.
1.The word "substantial" (Line 4, Paragraph 1) most probably
means_____.
serious
big
important
real
2. The last words of Lowell mean that_____.
the world should go forward without stopping.
the world should not mourn for him.
the world should forget him totally.
the world should go on its path for a bright future.
3. Which one of the following is NOT the characteristics of Ashbery’s
poetry?
Some lines are borrowed from the other poets’ works.
Stanzas are different from each other in one poem.
Words are scattered casually in his poetry.
Tones are continuously changing from the highbrow to the common.
4. Mr. Ashbery’s similes in poetry are different from that of the other
poets in that_____.
he likes to single them out.
he uses them in an eccentric way.
he uses simile for simile.
he uses simile to express his complex thought.
5. Why the author think the question Ashbery raised is a tougher one for a
poet than we might think?
Because a poet looks at things in a very complicated way.
Because a poet takes life seriously.
Because this question is a difficult one.
Because the theme of life is worth thinking for a poet.
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