考研网 发表于 2017-8-6 14:05:17

历年考研真题长难句解析荟萃(92)

1. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board for rate relief,but the process is expensive,time consuming,and will work only in truly extreme cases.
【译文】 感觉被多收费的客户有权上诉到联邦政府的陆路运输局以争取价格下调,但是这个过程既耗钱又耗时,而且只有在真正极端特殊的情况下才有作用。
【析句】 这是一个复合句,第一个分句是主句(shippers…have the right to appeal),第二个分句由三个并列的结构组成,前两个是系动词+形容词(expensive和time consuming),后一个是动词+介词短语。
【讲词】 appeal在句中的意思是“求助”,作动词时还可表示“请求,呼吁,上诉,要求”。I appeal to your sense of justice.(我呼吁你们拿出正义感来。)The government appealed to the international community for aid after the devastating earthquake.(在发生了灾难性的地震以后,政府呼吁国际社会给予援助。)He appealed against the judges decision.(他不服法官判决而上诉。)appeal作名词时表示“请求,呼吁,上诉,求助,吸引”。The teacher listened to his appeal.(老师倾听了他的要求。)The small town,with its ancient architecture,has a strong appeal to tourists.(小镇以其古老的建筑深深吸引了游客。)另外,appeal court意为“上诉法庭”。
    2. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate,they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so,leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.
【译文】 他们认为,如果铁路公司向所有客户收取同样的普通价格,那么选择使用公路运输或其他交通工具的客户将会转移,这样剩下的客户就要承担铁路正常运作的开销。
【析句】 这是一个由if引导的条件状语从句,主句的主干they argue后面跟宾语从句 shippers… would do so。shippers的后边接了一个由who引导的定语从句。leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line是一个现在分词短语,作状语。
【讲词】 option意为“选项,选择权”。宋楚瑜在大陆时说台独从来不是亲民党的选项,翻成英语就是:The independence of Taiwan has never been the option for the People First Party.又例:The government has two options,to reduce spending or to increase taxes.(政府只有两种选择,不是削减开支便是增加税收。)
shoulder在句中意为“承担”。to shoulder the responsibility(承担责任)。He shouldered the blame for his friends.(他代朋友承担了别人的指责。)
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