考研网 发表于 2017-8-6 14:05:17

历年考研真题长难句解析荟萃(93)

1. It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe,but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.
【译文】 这种理论得到了多数经济学家的认同,但在实际操作中,它常常把决定谁兴谁败的权力丢给了铁路公司。
【析句】 本句由but连接两个分句。第一个分句的主干部分是It’s a theory,后边紧跟了一个which引导的定语从句。but后边的分句的主语是it,谓语是leaves。determining是介词of的宾语,后边接了两个并列的宾语从句:which companies will flourish and which will fail。
【讲词】 subscribe作“订阅”或“订购”意思讲时,是不及物动词,后面应该接to,比如:subscribe to China Daily;此处应该引申译为“采取”(adopt)。它作及物动词时表示“捐献”,比如:subscribe fifty dollars to a local charity。
in practice在“在实践上”,“在理论上”用in theory表示。I think the regulation only works in theory but not in practice.(我认为这条规定只在理论上行得通,但在实践上行不通。)
   2. The railroad industry as a whole,despite its brightening fortunes,still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another,with Wall Street cheering them on.
【译文】 从整体来说,虽然铁路行业前途光明,但它的收入仍然不足以支付为满足不断增长的运输需要而进行的固定资产投资。然而铁路公司仍然继续贷款数十亿美元来进行相互兼并,而华尔街也鼓励它们这样做。
【析句】 第一个句子的层次比较复杂,其主干是The railroad industry… does not earn enough。despite its brightening fortunes作状语,it must invest to… traffic是一个定语从句,修饰the capital。其中,to cover the cost of the capital作invest的补语。
【讲词】 brighten是“(使)变亮,(使)愉快”之意。These flowers brightened the classroom.(这些花使教室生辉。)fortune有“财富,好运”之意,看来财富与运气还是有联系的。brightening fortunes意为“转好的运道”。
cover本义表示“盖,掩盖”,还能表示“掩护,包括,支付,报道”等。The newspaper sent two of its reporters to cover the event.(这家报纸派了两名记者来报道这一事件。)His travel expenses will be covered by the company.(公司会替他支付差旅费。)
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