历年考研真题长难句解析荟萃(76)
1. The Supreme Court's decisions on physicianassisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.【译文】 最高法庭关于医生协助病人结束生命问题的裁决,对如何用药物减轻病危者的痛苦具有重要的意义。
【析句】 要理解本句,一定要抓住它的核心成分。全句的主语是The Supreme Court’s decisions,谓语是carry,宾语是important implications,后面有一个how引导的从句作介词for的宾语。
【讲词】 assist的意思就是help(帮助),记住常用的搭配是to assist sb in doing sth和to assist sb by doing sth。例如:The clerk assisted the judge by looking up related precedents.(这位书记官协助那位法官查阅有关判例。)The boy assisted the blind man in crossing the street.(男孩帮助盲人过马路。)在体育比赛中, assist表示“助攻”。
relieve意为“减轻,解除,援救,救济,换班”。The medicine is supposed to relieve your pains.(这药应该能够减缓你的病痛。)常用结构relieve sb of sth表示“解除某人的……”。He was relieved of his job.(他遭到了解职。)
2. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physicianassisted suicide,the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuriesold moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
【译文】 尽管最高法庭裁定,宪法没有赋予医生帮助病人自杀的权利,然而它实际上认可了医疗界的“双效”原则,这个存在了好几个世纪的道德原则认为,某种行为具有双重效果(一个是意图达到的好效果,一个是可以预见的坏效果),那么,如果行为实施者只是想达到好的效果,这个行为就是可以允许的。
【析句】 该句是一个复杂句。主句是the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”,although引导一个状语从句。a centuriesold moral principle… good effect是principle of double effect的同位语。在同位语结构中,现在分词holding又带了一个宾语从句。
【讲词】 rule作动词时可以表示“裁决”,其名词形式是ruling。另外,应该记住 rule out这个词组,它表示“避免,排除,否决”。例如:The snowstorm ruled out their weekly meeting.(暴风雪使他们一周一次的会议无法举行。)The option of starting over has been ruled out.(“重新开始”这种选择已被排除。)
页:
[1]