历年考研真题长难句解析荟萃(88)
1. Tylor defined culture as “…that complex whole which includes belief,art,morals,law,custom,and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”【译文】 泰勒把文化定义为“……一个复合整体，它包括人作为社会成员所获得的信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其它能力和习惯”。
【析句】 本句的主干为Tylor defined culture，as与引号中的内容一起作间接宾语。其中which includes… of society是一个定语从句，修饰前面的that complex whole。在定语从句中，过去分词短语acquired by man as a member of society作后置定语，修饰前面的belief… other capabilities and habits。
【讲词】 define意为“定义,详细说明”。Throughout history man has tried to define Time.（自古以来，人类就一直试图给时间下定义。）The goal of this project is to define the potential market for the new product.（这一项目的目标是详细说明这一新产品的潜在市场。）
2. Thus,the anthropological concept of “culture”— like the concept of “set” in mathematics,is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.
【译文】 因此，人类学中“文化”的概念就像数学中“集”的概念一样，是一个抽象概念，它使大量的具体研究和认识成为可能。
【析句】 本句的主干是the anthropological concept of “culture,”… is an abstract concept。which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding是定语从句，修饰前面an abstract concept。like the concept of “set” in mathematics是一个作状语的介词短语，修饰系动词is。当然，在翻译此句时，如果不知道在数学中set对应的汉语术语是什么，那么翻译就会出现困难。
【讲词】 concrete作名词时表示“混凝土”，例如：a concrete building（一个混凝土结构的建筑）。作形容词时，concrete意为“具体的,有形的”，例如：The police now had had concrete evidence needed to convict him.（警察现在有了确凿的证据将他定罪。）Have you any concrete suggestions on how to deal with these difficulties? （对怎样解决这些困难,你有没有什么具体建议?）
页:
[1]