新东方考研语法讲堂134
注意：（1）分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别：分词和它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主、谓关系。动名词则没有这种关系，而表示它所修饰的词的用途或有关动作。
现在分词动名词
A sleeping child(a child who is sleeping)正在睡觉的孩子A sleeping car(a car for sleeping)卧车
A flying bird(a bird that is flying)飞鸟A flying course(a course for flying)飞行课程
A swimming girl(a girl who is swimming)游泳的女孩A swimming pool(a pool for swimming)游泳池
The running water(the water that is running)流水The running track(the track for running)跑道
现在分词和它所修饰的名词都要重读，动名词所修饰的名词则不必重读。
（2）现在分词作定语时，它表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生(或差不多同时发生)。
例如：
Who is the boy dancing over there？在那儿跳舞的少年是谁呀?
The girls swimming in the sea were in danger。 在海里游泳的姑娘们有危险。
如果两个动作在时间上有先后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而往往用主从复合句结构。
例如：
The man who has gone to Shanghai will be back again。到上海去的那个人会回来的。
The teacher wants to talk to the students who smashed the windows。老师要找打破了窗子的那个学生谈话。
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