2018考研英语：历年阅读真题中常见词汇（17）
1. advantagen. 有利条件;益处;优越(性);处于支配地位;
vt. 有利于;有益于;促进;使处于有利地位;
vi. 得益，获利;
[例句]They are deliberately flouting the law in order to obtain an advantage over their competitors.
他们为了和竞争对手抢夺先机而公然无视法律。
2. adverse
adj. 不利的;有害的;逆的;相反的;
[例句]The police said Mr Hadfield's decision would have no adverse effect on the progress of the investigation.
警方称哈德菲尔德先生的决定将不会对调查的进展造成不利影响。
3. advocate
vt. 提倡;鼓吹;拥护;为…辩护;
n. 提倡者;(辩护)律师;支持者;
[例句]Mr Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business.
威廉斯先生是个保守派，主张政府应减少对商业的控制。
4. aesthetic
adj. 审美的;美的，美学的;有关美的;具有审美趣味的;
n. 审美观;美学标准，美感;
[例句]One's appreciation of literature depends on one's level of aesthetic knowledge.
一个人对文学作品的欣赏能力，取决于他的艺术修养。
5. affliliate
vt. 使隶属于，接纳…为成员;使紧密联系;
vt. 加入，与…有关;为…工作;
n. 分支机构;附属企业;
[例句]The World Chess Federation has affiliates in around 120 countries.
国际象棋联合会在大约120个国家设有分支机构。
6. affirm
vt. 断言，肯定;证实，确实;[法]不经宣誓而庄严宣布;承认;
[例句]Everything I had accomplished seemed to affirm that opinion.
我所取得的一切似乎都证明那个观点是对的。
7. aggravate
vt. 激怒;加重，使恶化;使恼火;
[例句]Stress and lack of sleep can aggravate the situation.
压力和睡眠不足会使情况恶化。
8. aggressive
adj. 侵略的，侵犯的，攻势的;(美)有进取心的，积极行动的;有进取心的，有闯劲的; 好争斗的，借故生端的，爱打架的，要打架的;
[例句]Some children are much more aggressive than others.
一些孩子比其他孩子更好斗。
9. agitate
vt. 搅动，摇动;使不安;激烈讨论;
vi. 鼓动，煽动;
[例句]The women who worked in these mills had begun to agitate for better conditions.
在这些工厂里做工的妇女们开始抗议要求改善工作条件。
10. bang
n. 巨响;猛击;猛撞;爆炸声;
vt. 猛击，猛撞;
vi. 发出砰的一声，砰砰作响，砰地敲[推，扔];
[例句]I heard four or five loud bangs.
我听到四五声巨响。
11. bar
n. 条，棒;(门、窗等的)闩;障碍;酒吧间;
vt. 闩(门等);阻碍，封锁;排除，去除;
prep. 除…之外;
[例句]I'll see you in the bar later.
一会儿酒吧见。
12. bare
adj. 光秃秃的;赤裸的;(房间、柜子等)空的;刚好够的;
vt. 使赤裸;使露出;揭开;脱(衣服);
[例句]She was wearing only a thin robe over a flimsy nightdress, and her feet were bare.
她只在薄如蝉翼的睡衣外套了一件薄睡袍，而且光着脚。
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