考研英语历年真题阅读要点之2008-Text 4（一）
“古之立大事者，不惟有超世之才，亦必有坚忍不拔之志。”各位同学，你们的考研复习进度如何？需要坚持不懈哦。文都英语老师继续为大家梳理历年考研英语真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下2008年考研英语真题阅读Text 4，这篇文章主要探讨了美国早期领导人对奴隶制的矛盾态度。In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw – having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.
George Washington“乔治·华盛顿”，对于这种举世瞩目、众所周知的人物，如果翻译中出现，要用约定俗成的表达，一个字也不可以错；toothless“无牙齿的”，也可以表示“无权势的”；hire“雇佣”；dentist“牙科医生”；transplant“移植”；jaw“颌，下巴”；extract“取出”；slave“奴隶”。
That’s a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered ...
far different“迥然不同”；image“形象”；cherry-tree-chopping“砍倒樱桃树的”；historian“历史学家”；focus on“关注”；play a role“发挥作用，扮演角色”；slavery“奴隶制”；founding generation“开国元勋”；spur“激励，鞭策”；in part“在某种程度上”；evidence“证据”；prove“证明”；Thomas Jefferson“托马斯·杰斐逊”；father“当...的父亲”。
And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong -- and yet most did little to fight it.
only+状语位于句首，句子部分倒装，原来的语序应该是scholars have examined history from the bottom up only over the past 30 years；examine“调查”，结合语境，可以引申为“研究”；from the bottom up“由下而上”，也就是“彻底地”；work“作品”；reveal“揭示”；moral compromise“道德妥协”；fragile nature“脆弱的本质”；infancy“初期”；argue“认为”；fight“与...斗争”。
以上就是文都英语老师为大家梳理的2008年考研英语真题阅读Text 4前两段的要点。“百川东到海，何时复西归？少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。”各位同学，好好把握学习和探索的黄金时期，不断丰富自己，提升能力吧！“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。”
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