2018考研英语复习：阅读细节攻关
考研英语主要考查四个模块：完型、阅读、翻译、写作。而在这四个模块中，阅读所占比例是50%，占到整个试卷分数的一半，因此，在考研界一直流传有“得阅读者得考研英语”的说法。50%的阅读中又分为传统阅读和新题型两种考核方式。传统阅读占到40%的分值，因此考研学子对阅读模块的复习就显得尤为重要和关键。传统阅读一共四篇文章，每篇文章5道题，一共20道题。教研老师在对历年考研真题分析后发现阅读20道题的考查主要有六种考查方式，即我们通常所说的六大题型（细节题、推断题、词汇题、例证题、态度题、主旨题）。六大题型中对于细节题的考查又居第一位，细节题每年的平均考查在22-26分左右，因此，童鞋们对于细节题做题技巧的掌握是决胜考研英语的关键。今天，考研中心就细节题的做题技巧给大家进行一次深入剖析，为大家阅读之路开辟新的成功之路！以下是：2018考研英语复习：阅读细节攻关。
一、细节题命题方式
细节题主要有两种命题方式。
一是不完整的陈述句，例如2005年第一篇阅读中的第21、23、24题。
2005-21 In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________.
2005-23 Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are______.
2005-24 Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.
另一个是完整的疑问句（以which/what/why/who/where/when/how进行提问），例如2005年第二篇阅读中的第29题和第四篇阅读中的第38题。
2005-29 According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?
2005-38 To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?
二、三步搞定细节题
1）读题干找关键定位词（专有名词、数字、年份等）。
2）根据题干定位词回文定位，寻找线索句。
3）阅读选项，找与原文线索句的同义替换项，排除无关干扰选项，确定最终正确答案。
温馨提示：题目出题顺序一般与文章行文顺序保持一致。
三、实战演练（以2005年Text 1 第23题为例）
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
23. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________.
more inclined to weigh what they get
attentive to researchers’ instructions
nice in both appearance and temperament
more generous than their male companions
解析：通过阅读题干可得知该题是因果细节题，根据题干中的定位词“ Female capuchin monkeys”“were chosen”“most probably because ”，回文定位，不难发现文章第三段第一句话“Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study.”这些特性让它们成为Dr. Brosnan 和 Dr. de Waal的最理想的研究对象。而特性有哪些，根据such一词的指代，可在上文第二段找到关于雌性卷尾猴的特性。但这道题要注意一个关键点“most”，题目中问到的是主要原因，由此可推断出文中原因不止一个，主要原因的判断需要找到一个关键词“above all”。因此，本题我们的文中线索句是“like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.”（像人类中的女性一样，她们比男性更加重视“商品和服务”的价值。）线索句与选项进行匹配，不难发现A选项more inclined to weigh what they get（更加重视她们所得到的）正是对线索句的同义改写。而错误选项B、D选项是无中生有选项，C选项为次要原因，而不是主要原因。
“Practice makes perfect.”教研中心建议考生在平时多做真题，及时总结，最终决胜考研！
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