考研英语一2012年真题第3篇阅读理解解析
2012年真题英语一第3篇阅读理解解析——中公考研魏海妹
1. According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its
uncertainty and complexity. misconception and deceptiveness.
logicality and objectivity. systematicness and regularity.
解：通过关键词“the first paragraph”定位到第一段，通过题干中的“discovery”定位到第一段中“But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.”题干中“is characterized by”和“process”分别为该句中“frequently”和“route”的同义再现，更可确定该句为关键句。通过关键句中“ambiguous and complicated”可确定答案为A项，A项中的uncertainty为ambiguous的同义替换，complexity为complicated的同义替换。其中B项“误解和欺骗”、C项“逻辑性和客观性”、D项“系统性和规律性”均不在关键句中，故排除。
2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires
strict inspection. shared efforts.
individual wisdom. persistent innovation.
解：根据题干关键词“Paragraph 2”定位到第二段，再通过“credibility process”定位到第二段中“This is the credibility process.”，通过第三人称单数“this”可知有关于“credibility process”的信息在上一句话，故定位到“But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.”，该句中的takes即为题干中requires的同义替换，故该句为关键句，通过关键句中的collective(共同的)可确定答案为B项“共同努力”。若不知collective意为“共同的”，则可采用排除法。其中，C项“个人智慧”和D项“持续创新”不在所定位段落之中，故可排除。A项“严格调查”，关键句中未提及“严格”这层含义，应该为“共同的调查”才对，所以排除A项。
3. Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it
has attracted the attention of the general public.
has been examined by the scientific community.
has received recognition from editors and reviewers.
has been frequently quoted by peer scientists.
解：通过关键词“Paragraph 3”定位第三段，再通过“discovery claim becomes credible”定位第三段中最后一句话“As a discovery claim works its way through the community, the interaction and confrontation ... Transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible discovery.”可知B项“科学发现声明需要被科学集体检测”正确。其中，A项中的“public”、C项“editors and reviewers”、D项“peer scientists”都是科学声明变的可信的过程，需要三者共同检测才会变的可信，故可用“community”概括，ACD均可排除。
4. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi would most likely agree that
scientific claims will survive challenges. discoveries today inspire future research.
efforts to make discoveries are justified. scientific work calls for a critical mind.
解：根据题文同序的原则，以及关键词“Albert Szent-Gyorgyi”可定位第四段中“Albert Szent-Gyorgyi once described discovery as‘seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought’.”可知D项“科学工作要求批判性思维”正确。其中，A项“challenges”和B项“future research”均出现在所定位关键句的前一句话中，故可排除。C项定位段未提及，也可排除。
5. Which of the following would be the best title of the test?
Novelty as an engine of Scientific Discovery. Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.
Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science. Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.
解：考研英语阅读文章为议论文，故全文应该围绕作者的论点展开论述，那5个题目必围绕文章论点进行，故可通过题干来锁定论点范围。前4个题目中“科学发现和可信度”字眼频繁出现，故论点与其有关，则可排除AB项。其中D项“科学入门处对可信度的质疑”只是第四段的大意，故排除，所以正确答案为C项“科学研究中可信度的发展”。
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