考研英语考前30天狂背作文(24)
13Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the picture;
2. interpret the meaning of the picture;
3. make your comment.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
文章可以分四段来写：第一段描述图画，第二段解释产生该现象的原因，第三段讲应对问题的策略，最后一段作总结。In the picture, a crab is most surprised when looking at a man walking forward.
It is not quite a challenging task for us to explain this phenomenon. To begin with, it is natural for different individuals to adopt different angles to look at the world and employ different methods to cope with problems, so we will find others opinions and behaviors hard to understand if we always look from our own perspective. Furthermore, to look down upon others or gossip about others private affairs can be largely attributed to selfconceit. When we judge ourselves, we think of what we can do; but when we judge others, we think of what they have done. So it is likely for us to overestimate our own ability, and feel the impulse to complain and condemn in the name of truth and justice.
To solve this problem, the first step is to learn to control our own temper when facing again such "annoying" ideas or behaviors. When we calm down and analyze in depth what has happened, we are more likely to draw the reasonable conclusion. The next suggestion is to try to be strict with ourselves and tolerant of others at the same time-only in this way will it be possible for us to come to terms with the world. Another important point is that we should constantly develop and improve ourselves-when we endeavor to assimilate knowledge and accumulate experience, we will find it easier to have a calm mind and look at the world from a more balanced perspective.
How can a crab refrain from laughing at a man walking forward when it has run amuck for so many years? We are intelligent beings who should make constant progress by learning, reflection and communication. When we get to the top of the academic, corporate, or social ladder, it is more important for us to stand higher and higher and look down on the earthly affairs without easily expressing our opinions.
第一段是对图画的描述，非常简洁。第二段共六句话，阐释现象，在统领句后分两点来说。第一点说不同的人在看待世界和解决问题时采用不同的角度和方法是相当自然的，所以当我们从自己的角度出发时就会发现别人的观点和行为难以理解。
第二点说藐视别人和闲聊别人的私事多是由于自负。当我们评价自己时，想的是我们能做成什么；而评价别人时，想的是他们已经做了什么。这样做我们就容易高估自己的能力，而产生了以真理与正义之名来抱怨与责备的冲动。
第三段说解决问题的办法，分三点来说。第一点是说我们应学会控制自己的脾气。当我们静下心来深入分析的时候，我们便更有可能得出合理的结论。第二点是说我们应严格要求自己而非他人--只有这样我们才可能与我们所生活的世界达成妥协。第三点是说我们应不断提升自己--当我们努力吸收知识和积累经验时，我们将会更容易保持平和的心态，以更平衡的视角来看待这个世界。
最后一段是结语--如果前面写得中规中矩，这一段可以使用一些特殊的手段来对文章的档次做大幅的提升。该段共分三句。第一句是一个反问句，呼应文章的第一段：螃蟹横行霸道多年，又怎么会不嘲笑直着走的人呢？该句的作用在于经过讨论之后，让读者产生巨大的共鸣--这一问题已非常清楚了。第二句说我们人是有智慧的，应当通过学习、思考和交流不断取得进步。最后一句说当我们攀上学习、公司和社会阶梯之巅时，我们应站得更高，俯看世事，而不轻下结论。这句话是对第三段第三点的直接呼应。后两句话中均有平行结构的用法，请用心体会。 越是看似简单的道理，大家越是应该谈深谈透。
在一个段落里，分点写作的时候，大家应遵循一定的顺序来写，如在重要性上逐步增加等等。读者在文章的结构上遇到的麻烦越少，就越容易聚焦于文章的内容。另外，上下文的呼应会给读者带来潜意识的愉悦，是提高成绩的好方法。
14Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the table;
2. suggest possible solutions to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
国家大学年平均学费国民人均年收入比值美国4，700美元35，000美元1/8英国1，500英镑15，000英镑1/10中国7，500元7，500元1在审题的环节中，我们应当将读图表（图画）和看提纲有机地结合起来。有的时候，提纲中会把文章的主题直接给出来，这时我们文章的整体布局就会容易得多。在这道题的提纲中，就出现了"中国大学学费负担沉重的问题"的字样，这就是该文的主题，我们的文章应该围绕它展开。From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has received more and more concern from all over the country.
In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost, it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education. We need to cut down the staff in universities, most of whom now have a disproportionately large number of administrators. The now widespread corruption should also be eliminated in universities, such as unnecessary tours and banquets at public expense. Moreover, much importance should be attached to the reform of management system of higher education. The national government should not only increase financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money.
To sum up, it is high time to pay enough attention to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in our country, and to solve it a comprehensive educational reform is essential.该文共分三段，第一段描述表格，第二段给出解决办法，第三段总结。
第一段是对表格进行描述--这时我们不一定要把每个数据都描述出来，而是要抓住问题的关键。这个表格的关键就是体现我国大学学费太高，依据就是学费与国民人均年收入之比。美国与英国处于差不多的水平，所以放在一起说就可以了。该段共分三句话，第一句将比例描述出来，第二句作出比较--中国家庭负担的大学学费是英美国家的十倍之多。第三句进一步说明我国大部分家庭感觉负担较重，有些家庭根本就负担不起。
第二段提出解决办法，第一句是模板句，之后分两方面来说。第一方面说的是减少高等教育的成本，分为两个方面，一是减员增效，二是消除腐败。第二方面说的是高教管理体制的改革。国家应加强高等教育的投资，并合理配置这些资金。
最后一段是总结，说解决大学学费成为沉重负担问题正值其时，全面改革势在必行。提纲中如果出现文章主题，一定要把握住，这直接决定了文章的谋篇布局。
描述图表时不一定要面面俱到，只要抓住重点即可。
写原因或解决办法的段落时条理一定要清楚，一般分为三点（也有两点或四点的情况），不一定是权威的解释，我们并非是专门研究该问题的专家，阅卷老师也不会太苛求，只要符合情理即可。关键是语言表达一定要准确，如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。
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