2011年考研英语完形填空答案及真题解析(沪江完美版)
本次研究生入学英语考试的完形填空部分原文摘自《科学美国人》网站，原文标题是"How Humor Makes You Friendlier, Sexier" （幽默感为什么能让你看来更友善性感，点击此处查看原文>>），是一篇标准的科学说明类型文章。下面就请大家对照原题和我们一起来看看这篇文章：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark , , or on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But __1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.
__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.
Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.
Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. ___20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.
1．among except despite like
2．reflect demand indicate produce
3．stabilizing boosting impairing determining
4．transmit sustain evaluate observe
5．measurable manageable affordable renewable
6．In turn In fact In addition In brief
7．opposite impossible average expected
8．hardens weakens tightens relaxes
9．aggravate generate moderate enhance
10．physical mental subconsciousinternal
11．Except for According to Due to As for
12．with on in at
13．unless until if because
14．exhausts follows precedes suppresses
15．into from towards beyond
16．fetch bite pick hold
17．disappointedexcited joyful indifferent
18．adapted catered turned reacted
19．suggesting requiring mentioning supposing
20．Eventually ConsequentlySimilarly Conversely
【标准答案】
1．despite 从后面一个句子中的little我们可以判断出这里的转折意为，因而本题选择despite；
2．produce 此处前一个词does表示强调，根据上下文课意思可判断选项；
3．boostingboost意思是促进增进、stabilize意思是稳定、impair是减少削弱、determine意思是决定。因而可以判断选boost；
4．sustain 本题全凭词义选择：transmit 意思是传输；sustain，维持；evaluate，评估；observe，观察。
5．measurable本题一样是词义考察：measurable，可评估的；manageable，可掌握的；affordable，可承受的；renewable，可更新的。
6．In fact 从后一句中的Instead of doing...可以看出此处有意群的转换，因而选择了"In fact"，实际上……起到承前启后的作用。
7．opposite 从前一句的 instead of 得知此处句意发生转折，因而选择opposite
8．relaxes 从后一句"decreasing muscle tone"，减少肌肉张力，可判断此处应选择relaxes，放松。
9．moderate也是从上一句的句意“放松肌肉、减少肌肉张力”可看出此处的意思应该相同，因而选择"moderate"，稳定、减轻。
10．physical还是词义考察，同学们可以从这道题看出出题老师对形近字、意近字有多爱了吧…… physical，身体上的；mental，精神上的（这是一对，一定要记住！）；subconscious，潜意识的；internal，内在的。
小编分享一个做题的“非官方方法”给大家：当选项中出现明显的成对、或反义词时，那么答案多半在其中。也就是我们可以从做一个四选一的题，变成做二选一的题。那就算是猜、正确率也有50%了吧！？
11．According to 后一句提到"one classical theory of emotion"，一个经典情感理论，说明是距离。所以此处连接词选择"According to"。
12．in 这题的考点是介词和动词的搭配，如果你明白前一个root是“根、扎根”的意思，那么基本可以排除选项中的with，那到底是on, at 或是 in，就看日常积累了。
13．because这整句的意思是：“在19世纪末期有这样的争论：人们不是因为悲伤而哭泣，而是因为当流泪时会变得悲伤。” 因而此处选择表示因果关系的because。其他的until，直到；unless，除非；if，如果，都不符合。
14．precedes 词义又来：exhaust，精疲力尽；follow，跟随；precede，在……之前；suppress，抑制。
15．from从动词flow，流动，来判断。
16．hold因为后一句提到“thereby creating an artificial smile”，从而创造一个虚假的笑脸。可以看出，无论是fetch或是pick（都是取来、捡来的意思）都是不对的，bite（咬）更不对。要维持一个笑脸，所以用"hold"。
17．disappointed这道题的技巧在于，无论是excited, joyful 或是indifferent，它们所能传达的面部表情都是类似的，因而得知选disappointed，失望的——得出不一样的表情。
18．reacted词义题：adapt，适应；cater，迎合；turn，转变；react，反应、
19．suggesting 词义题：suggest，传达了、证明了；require，要求；mention，提到；suppose，假设。
这里整句话的意思是：面对搞笑卡通，那些被要求做笑脸的人比起那些被要求皱眉的人表现得更有生气。从而证明了不单单是情绪影响表情、表情也可以影响情绪。
20．Similarly 从上一句的翻译大家可以看出，"the physical act of laughter could improve mood."（笑这个生理动作可以改善情绪），这个意思是和上一句一样的。所以应该选择similar，相同的。而不是其他三个选项。
（本文真题部分由万学海文提供、答案及解析由沪江英语提供）
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