导航：2006年考研英语预测试题及答案（一）
Section I Use of EnglishDirections:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Each morning，millions of us turn on our radios and televisions for the weather forecast.
Do the cloudy skies mean rain? Will rising temperatures bring a (1)_____ to melt snow and
ice? (2 )____ we hear the forecast，we decide what clothes to wear and whether to carry an
umbrella or not．
( 3)____ ，though，weather forecasts are conspicuously (4 )_____ ．Yes，though the accuracy of forecasts has improved (5 )____ in recent years，predicting the weather is a fascinating mixture of art and science that is far from (6)____ . What is involved in ( 7)____ the weather，and how reliable are weather forecasts?
Today meteorologists have an array of sophisticated tools ( 8)____ ，the most basic of which measure air pressure，temperature，humidity，and wind．
Predicting the weather，(9 )___，is not all hard science．The ( 10)___ used by the computers are only approximate descriptions of the behavior of the atmosphere. Furthermore，even an accurate forecast for a large area may not take (11 )___ the effect of local area on the weather． So Some ( 12) ___of art is also necessary．Here is where a weather forecaster ( 13)___ ．He uses his experience and judgment to determine what value to ( 14)___ on the data he receives．This allows him to make a more ( 15)___ forecast．
For example，when air cooled by the North Sea moves over the European (16 )___ ，a thin cloud layer often forms．Whether this cloud layer heralds rain in continental Europe the following day or simply ( 17)___ in the sun’s heat depends on a temperature difference of only a few ( 18)___ of a degree．The forecaster’s data，along with his knowledge of (19 )___ similar situations, ( 20)___ him to offer good advice．This mixture of art and science is critical to producing accurate forecasts.
1． A．tolerate B．thaw
C．dissolve D．fuse
2． A．As B．If C．Once D．When
3． A．In no time B．For the first time
C．From time to time D．At all times
4． A．off the mark B．out of date
C．out of fashion D．off the way
5． A．plentifully B．vastly C．perpetually D．dramatically
6． A．waterproof B．foolproof C．bulletproof D．fireproof
7． A．guessing B．reporting C．predicting D．forcasting
8． A．out of hand B．beyond their control
C．at their disposal D．in the air
9． A．but B．that C．however D．whatever
10．A．formulas B．formation C．function D．fragment
11．A．the place of B．control of
C．into consideration D．care of
12．A．extent B．case C．pinch D．degree
13．A．cuts down B．comes in C．goes out D．cuts off
14．A．evaluate B．offer C．add D．place
15．A．correct B．clear C．accurate D．accuracy
16．A．1andmass B．subcontinent C．1and shield D．1and crust
17．A．emits B．evaporates C．penetrates D．enlightens
18．A．points B．bits C．tenths D．spots
19．A．prevalent B．previous C．preliminary D．prenatal
20．A．lets B．gives C．enables D．wants
答案：1-5 BCCAD 6-10 BCCCA 11-15 CDBDC 16-20ABCBC
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
www.summermaster.net
Text 1
Excessive sugar has a strong mal-effect on the functioning of active organs such as the heart，kidneys and the brain．Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days surely went through some of this trauma．
This incident occurred when a vessel carrying a cargo of sugar was shipwrecked in 1793．The five surviving sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident．They were in a wasted condition due to starvation，having consumed nothing but sugar． French physiologist F．Magendie was inspired by that incident to conduct a series of experiments with animals．In the experiments，he fed dogs a diet of sugar and water．All the dogs wasted and died．
The shipwrecked sailors and the French physiologist’s experimental dogs proved the same point．As a steady diet，sugar is worse than nothing．Plain water can keep you alive for quite some time．Sugar and water can kill you．Humans【and animals】are“unable to subsist on a diet of sugar”．The dead dogs in Professor Magendie’s laboratory alerted the sugar industry to the hazards of free scientific inquiry．From that day to this，the sugar industry has invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes，subsidized science．The best scientific names that money could buy have been hired，in the hope that they could one day come up with something at least pseudoscientific in the way of glad tidings about sugar．
It has been proved，however，that sugar is a major factor in dental decay；sugar in a person’s diet does cause overweight removal of sugar from diets has cured symptoms of crippling，worldwide diseases such as diabetes，cancer and heart illnesses．
Sir Frederick Banting noticed in 1929 that，among sugar plantation owners who ate large amounts of their refined stuff，diabetes was common．Among native cane-cutters，who
only got to chew the raw cane，he saw no diabetes．
However，the story of the public relations attempts on the part of the sugar manufacturers began in Britain in 1808 when the Committee of West India reported to the House of Commons that a prize of twenty-five guineas(英旧币，值21先令)had been offered to anyone who could come up with the most “satisfactory” experiments to prove that unrefined sugar was good for feeding and fattening oxen，cows，hogs and sheep．Food for animals is often seasonal，always expensive．Sugar，by then，was dirt cheap．People weren’t eating it fast enough．
Naturally，the attempt to feed livestock with sugar in England in 1808 was a disaster．
21．All of the following are true about sugar EXCEPT______．
A．Refined sugar alone can be a diet for people to live on for a few days．
B．Sugar can cause diabetes，cancer and heart diseases．
C．Unrefined sugar was once good and very cheap if used to feed and fatten livestock．
D．Sugar cannot be used as a daily diet．
22．Sugar manufacturers have______．
A．tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animals．
B．invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar．
C．hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar．
D．tried hard to establish public relations in order to open the market for sugar．
23．The word“trauma”( in paragraph l ) most probably means______．
A．diseased condition B．dangerous situation
C．terrible shipwreck D．excessive sugar intake
24．The sugar manufacturers have invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes, subsidized science because they_______．
A．began to realize the benefits of scientific experiments
B．began to realize the hazards of eating sugar
C．were afraid that the trade of sugar would be prohibited by the government
D．hoped to find something pleasing, even in the guise of science, about sugar
25．We can safely conclude that_______.
A．people in the 19th century were eager to eat sugar
B．if shipwrecked sailors had drunk fresh water，things would have been even worse
C．one or more scientists have been hired to cheat in regard to sugar
D．scientists can do nothing without the money subsidized secretly
答案：21 C 22 D 23 A 24 D 25 C
Text 2
Undoubtedly，Internet technology will change the way we live，work，communicate and do business．But beware of those who proclaim this to be a New Era of profitability．As in the so-called New Eras of the past--brought on by earlier technological breakthroughs--this one carries the seeds of its own destruction．The phenomenal growth of Internet businesses is already fueling a Klondike-style gold rush，with far too many diggers looking for far too little gold．Economics teaches us that it is hard to become an upstart with a basically free commodity．Think of ice in the Arctic，sand in the desert，seawater in the ocean or，for that matter，the seemingly unlimited“hot air”on the Net．
In the 20th century，the proliferation of cars，radios，movies，televisions，mass retailers
and computers all inspired a sense that we had begun a New Era．Each breakthrough promised new riches and unprecedented prosperity for the innovators．But in the long run，they always failed to deliver to investors the expected rewards．
Why the letdowns? In part because every great innovator invariably attracted great imitators，who competed with the original and eventually depressed his“excessive”profit margin by commoditizing the invention．Furthermore，great inventions have always been followed by greater innovations，which，through the process known as creative destruction，render the previous new technology obsolete．And when inventions become vital to the economy，they are frequently brought under the control of governments via regulation，nationalization and，in extreme cases，expropriation(没收)．
Take the Erie Canal，which was completed in 1825. Its success led to the great American canal boom of the 1830s．It ended just a few years later in a tremendous failure，as most of the other canals failed to make money．The Erie，too，began to suffer from competition，first from railroads and，eventually，from trucks．In the end，the railroad industry--which helped create an unprecedented industrial boom--proved to be disastrous for most investors．By 1895，most U．S．railroads had to be restructured．
Now-familiar technologies like cars，radios，cash registers and mainframe computers were all at some point new and revolutionary．But the spread of the technologies led inevitably to the demise of their creators’“excessive”profits，as each became just another commodity．Don’t think for a minute that the internet will be any different．
26．The purpose of this passage is _______.
A．to pour cold water on the booming Internet industry
B．to exemplify why New Eras of the past failed
C．to justify the profitability of Internet business
D．to explore the prosperity and decline of New Eras
27．It is implied in the passage that ______.
A．most Internet companies are unlikely to be out of business soon
B．after beating the competitors，the survived Internet companies can achieve some
meaningful earnings
C．the growth of the Internet businesses is too fast
D．the spread of a new invention can make people live better
28．The current booming of Internet industry is compared to _______.
A．ice in the Arctic
B．sand in the desert
C．seawater in the ocean
D．a Klondike-style gold rush
29．All the following account for the letdowns of New Eras of the past EXCEPT ______ .
A．the emergence of imitation after innovation
B．the competition between imitation and innovation
C．even greater innovation after great invention
D．exclusive intervention by the government
30．The Erie Canal is mentioned in the passage because ______.
A．its success led to the great American canal boom in the 1830s
B．it ended just a few years later in a tremendous failure
C．it suffered from competition from railroads and trucks
D．it proved to be less profitable than its investors expected
答案：26A 27C 28D 29D 30D
Text 3
Pain will propel most people to a doctor’s office faster than just about any other complaint．It’s usually a sign that something is wrong--though it’s not always clear just what the problem is．Doctors can’t measure pain objectively the way they can measure blood pressure or cholesterol levels．So when pain doesn’t immediately respond to treatment, physicians and patients often--too often--accept it as just another symptom that has to be lived with．
The suffering and confusion should begin to lift this year，however，thanks to the efforts of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations，the group responsible for certifying the quality and safety of the majority of hospitals，nursing homes and clinics in the U．S．Starting January 1，these medical facilities will have to show that they meet certain standards for the assessment and treatment of pain in all their Patients.
Failure to meet the standards，which were jointly developed with the University of Wisconsin Medical School in Madison，could lead to a financially devastating loss of the right to treat Medicare and Medicaid patients．
Among the new requirements：all patients have the right to have their pain assessed and managed appropriately；medical facilities must ask their patients to rate their level of pain；and the results must be documented．Of course，those rules only apply in the U.S. But you don’t have to live there to get relief from pain．Just follow these simple guidelines. Surveys have shown that many patients don’t tell doctors or nurses about their pain for fear of being labeled cranky or difficult or because they assume that their discomfort will go away. Yet，says June Dahl，professor of pharmacology at the University of Wisconsin，that reluctance can backfire．Left uncontrolled，the pain you thought was temporary can trigger a long-term chronic condition．It can also interfere with the healing process and lengthen your recovery time．
Find out before you are wheeled into the operating room what the various treatment options for pain are—as well as their side effects．Learn what pain killers can and can't do． Lots of folks fear they will get“hooked”on strong medications. In fact，though most patients build a tolerance to pain drugs，they don’t become addicted.
Unfortunately，says Dr．Kathleen Foley，an attending neurologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City，not all pain can be controlled. “But you know what?”she says．“We’11 never do anything if we don’t try.”And no one can even begin to help you until you say where and how much it hurts•
31．A1l the following statements are true except ______.
A．most people find pain less tolerable than other physical discomforts
B．pain usually indicates the malfunction of the human body
C．pain can be measured like blood pressure or cholesterol levels
D．pain is sometimes a stubborn symptom subject to no immediate treatment
32．In the U．S．hospitals，medical facilities are now required to______.
A．develop the standard for pain assessment and treatment
B．maintain the hospital’s rights against heavy financial losses
C．assess and manage patients’ pain properly
D．relieve patients’ suffering and confusion
33．Patients with pain are advised _______．
A．to go to U．S．hospitals ，
B．to endure in silence
C．to plan pain treatment ahead
D．to seek doctor’s help as soon as possible
34．According to Prof．Dahl，pain can ______．
A．seldom go away itself
B．not be controlled by pain killers
C．trigger a long—term chronic condition
D．prevent patients from their recovery
35．The passage can be best entitled ______.
A．Feel No Pain B．Seek No Doctor
C．Take No Medication D．Endure No Operation
答案：31C 32C 33D 34C 35A
Text 4
American auto makers are responding more rapidly than ever to the wants of American drivers．So you can have your dream car soon in your driveway．When you drive down the interstate highway，you can set the cruise control at the speed limit，then listen to Mozart，while the kids are in the back seat watching“Rugrats”on the built—in television．Then you glance at the screen of your personal computer，docked in the dashboard．
You say“map，”and a detailed route to your destination flashes on-screen．Then you say“traffic，”and you see a live video of the traffic flow two miles ahead．If it looked congested you’d say“reroute”and the computer would offer several alternatives．
There’s no need to reroute today，but as you listen to your voice—synthesized e-mail，you’re distracted from the tractor—trailer that pulls into your lane ahead．Your car senses it，and the cruise control automatically decelerates to maintain proper highway space between you and the truck．
America’s love affair with the car is back，and one of the chief reasons is that car makers can deliver more quickly on what the consumer wants--from better cup holders to concert-quality sound systems to vastly improved child seats．
It used to take up to six years to bring a car from concept to reality．
The automatic temperature control sensors can sense the surface body temperature of each front-seat passenger and help the on-board computer decide how to mix hot and cold air for perfect comfort．But we’re just scratching the surface of what’s possible．Computers can also keep the engine running cleanly and efficiently，and to monitor performance．
Car cell phones will be linked with the Global Positioning System，a wireless data modem，and voice-recognition and text-to-speech software，all running through a laptop．
Your car will be able to take dictation，read your e-mail and make reservations for
dinner．Happily，the cost of such technology is plummeting. On-board computers win provide many other important safety and convenience features as well．Cars in the near future will be economical and safer．But most of a11，they’1l be fun.
36．According to the author，American car makers are ______.
A．providing flashy devices in cars
B．investigating the drivers constantly
C．corresponding with their consumers frequently
D．meeting the market demands quickly
37． According to the author，when a driver says“reroute”，it means that ______.
A．he needs to type the word“reroute”on his personal computer
B．he wants to compare all of the possible routes to his destination
C．he has been caught in a traffic jam two miles long
D．he wants to find another way to avoid the traffic jam
38．America’s love affair with the car ______ .
A．has a long history
B．has been backward
C．has its own background
D．is coming back again
39．The designer of the dream cars ______ .
A．stresses the perfect comfort of the front-seat passenger
B．stresses the perfect surface of the cars
C．pays attention to the functions of the cars
D．pays attention to the cleaning of the engine
40．From the information given in the passage，we can conclude that ______.
A．dream cars will be out of the reach of ordinary people
B．dream cars will not be too expensive
C．dream cars will not be in the market very soon
D．dream cars are designed to satisfy the special needs
答案：36D 37D 38D 39C 40B
Part B
Directions:
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
A rapid growth in business travel has provided a lucrative spin-off for British health clubs as companies try to prevent hard-working executive from suffering travel-related stress. Health clubs are fully booked throughout the coming months all around the country and many are planning to expand their facilities.
So what’s the reason for this new trend? According to Gillie Turner, group marketing manager for the Champneys group of health clubs, during the last recession executives lost many of their extra benefits as companies cut back.
41.
She says that large companies also seemed to have decided it is no good sending someone to a country like Spain as a reward for doing a good job, because they will simply eat too much and flop onto a beach.
42
Champneys, the company acknowledged as the market leader in this field, is now planning to introduce a special “Profit From Stress ” course, which will run over three days.
43
Jonathon Staplenton, general manager of Champneys, says that modern corporate life being what it is, most business travelers find that they are having to do the work which – even a year ago- was done by two.
44
To meet this new demand, other health clubs are also thinking of introducing similar schemes. Clare Brandish, the sales and marketing director of another health club, has noticed a marked change in the clientele at her club.
45
Businesses of all kinds are anxious to reduce absenteeism. It has been calculated that about 40 million working days are lost each year in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost to industrial disputes. Much of the problem is caused by long periods away from home, irregular hours, business entertaining and jet lag.
According to the Guild of Business Travel Agents, sales of business-class airline tickets have risen by 12 percent in the past year, hotel bookings have gone up by 36 percents and car hire has risen by 24 percents. Dave Reynolds, the GBTA chief executive, says that the trouble is that the same number of people are being asked to travel more often. He comments that it is no wonder they need to take a break in a health club.
A
It has been calculated that about 40 million working days are lost each year in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost to industrial disputes.
B
Instead, they want executives to become fitter so that they can do even more for the company in the future.
C
This has involved a considerable rise in the number of business bookings, whereas previously most clients came as private individuals.
D
Now they are being restored, as industry realizes that the health of its executives is vital.
E
But who will benefit most from these developments?
F
Because of the pressure this imposes, many companies have now decided that it is worthwhile paying for their senior executives to take a proper break and get advice on how to combat stress.
G.
Executives taking part in it will be given messages and health treatments, workouts and a range of talks on tow to deal with stress, especially when traveling.
ANSWERS; DBGFC
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
The world has changed greatly since I left the White House. Now there is only one superpower, with unprecedented military and economic strength. The coming budget for American armaments will be greater than those of the next fifteen nations combined, and there are troops from the United States in many countries throughout the world.
But instead of entering a millennium of peace, the world is now, in many ways, a more dangerous place. The greater ease of travel and communication has not been matched by equal understanding and mutual respect. . (46)There is a plethora of civil wars, within which an overwhelming portion of the casualties are unarmed civilians who have no ability to defend themselves. And recent appalling acts of terrorism have reminded us that no nations, even superpowers, are invulnerable.
(47)It is clear that global challenges must be met with an emphasis on peace, in harmony with others, with strong alliances and international consensus. Imperfect a it may be, there is no doubt that this can best be done through the United Nations. (48)We must remember that today there are at least eight nuclear powers on earth, and three of them are threatening to their neighbors in areas of great international tension. For powerful countries to adopt a principle of preventive war may well set an example that can have catastrophic consequences.
(49)If we accept the premise that the United Nations is the best avenue for the maintenance of peace, then the carefully considered decisions of the United Nations Security Council must be enforced. All too often, the alternative has proven to be uncontrollable violence and expanding spheres of hostility. (50)I am not here as a public official, but as a citizen of a troubled world who finds hope in a growing consensus. The hope, namely, is that the generally accepted goals of society are peace, freedom, human rights, environmental quality, the alleviation of suffering, and the rule of law.
During the past decades, the international community, usually under the auspices of the United Nations, has struggled to negotiate global standards that can help us achieve these essential goals. They include: the abolition of land mines and chemical weapons; an end to the testing, proliferation, and further deployment of nuclear warheads; constraints on global warming; prohibition of the death penalty, at least for children; and an international criminal court to deter and to punish war crimes and genocide. Those agreements already adopted must be fully implemented, and others should be pursued aggressively.
46 世界上仍然有许多内战，大部分内战的死难者是那些手无寸铁而无力自卫平民.
47 显然,全球性挑战必须用与他国和睦相处,结成翁姑的联盟和国际共识的和平手段来应对.
48 我们必须牢记,今天的地球上至少有八个拥有核武器的国家,其中的三个正在充满国际紧张局势的地区威胁着它们的邻国.
49 我们接受联合国是最好的维护和平的途径这一前提,那么联合国安理会经过谨慎考虑的决定就必须得到执行.
50 我并不是作为一名政府官员,而是作为一个动乱世界的公民来到这里,并在日益增长的共识中发现了希望.
Section III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
You are not satisfied with the English dictionary you bought just a few days ago. When you went back to ask the assistants in the bookstore to return it, they refused to do so. Write a letter to the editor of the press, telling what happened to you, asking for explanation.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Liming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Look at the following chart provided by the provincial consumers' association. Write an essay to illustrate the information of the chart accompanied by your comments.
页:
[1]