2014考研英语阅读精选 考前四周每天一篇(3)
考研英语阅读部分是冲刺收尾阶段重点复习的大项，历年考研英语都是过线容易高分难，所以同学们要想拿高分务必在最后阶段强化英语阅读“得英语阅读，得天下”，太奇考研英语辅导专家王瑾老师收集整理了历年阅读精选和各建议同学们在距离考试时间还剩四周的时间里每天一篇，快速提高阅读能力。修女与避孕
THE Catholic church condemns all forms of contraception, a policy that Paul VI laid out in detail in Humanae Vitae in 1968. Over the subsequent decades it has had various brawls with secular authorities over the use of birth control pills. Most recently, America’s bishops have fought to keep Barack Obama’s health law from providing contraception free. The church has already won an exemption for women who work for a church, but it also wants to keep coverage from women who work for any Catholic institution, even if the women in question are not Catholics and the institution has a secular purpose, such as a school, say, or hospital. Given all this, it would seem unlikely that the church would want to give the Pill to its nuns.
Yet that is precisely what a recent paper in the Lancet suggests. Its authors, Kara Britt and Roger Short, of Monash University and the University of Melbourne, urge the Church to provide oral contraception to the sisters. Nuns need the Pill not to prevent pregnancy, but to prevent cancer.
In 1713, the authors write, an Italian doctor observed that nuns had a very high rate of that “accursed pest”, breast cancer. Modern studies have confirmed that Catholic have a higher risk than most women of dying from breast, ovarian and uterine cancers. Women who bear children have fewer menstrual cycles, thanks to both pregnancy and lactation (which suppresses menstruation). Other studies have established a relationship between menstrual cycles and the prevalence of cancer, with fewer cycles meaning a smaller risk. Nuns - who are required to be celibate - experience more cycles than the typical woman, and therefore run a higher risk of developing cancer.
The Pill can help to counteract this. The overall mortality in women who use, or have used, oral contraception, is 12% lower than among those who do not. The effect on ovarian and endometrial cancer is greater: the risk of such cancers plummets by about 50%. Drs Britt and Short make a compelling medical case. But it is unlikely to sway the Church.
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