新东方任磊：2015考研英语二阅读试卷点评
2015考研真题及答案解析全程报道
2015年考研试卷及答案公布，新东方网考研频道时刻关注2015考研初试情况，第一时间为考生提供考研真题
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一、阅读文章的题材和体裁
四篇文章的体裁都是议论文，这也是考研一贯的选材标准。
题材如下:
Text 1: More stress at home than workplace. （家里比工作场所压力更大）
Text 2: First-generation college students（第一代大学生，即父母都没上大学的大学生）
Text 3：lingua franca（office speak）（办公室用语的变化）
Text 4: employment in the US（美国的就业状况）
从这四篇文章的题材可以看出，考研文章的topic十分广泛，不局限在某一个领域，可以考经济类，也可以考社会科学和人文类的文章。
所以对于2016考研的同学，应该培养"所有题材都一样"的能力。
二、阅读文章的词汇和句式
词汇: 词汇的能力要求和六级（CET-6）相当，比英语一的要求要低很多。只考察词汇的基本含义，没有过多涉及熟词生意，近义词和同义替换。
句式: 句式特点是层次较少，长句较短，难度较低。多数情况下，不需要刻意分析句型，只要具备相应的词汇量和基础语法知识，就可以把文章大致看懂。
三、考研阅读真题分析
以Text 4 为例
Text 4
Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.
However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent) above its year ago level.
Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent) from its year ago level.
We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is "yes," they are classified as working part-time. They survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.
The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions of family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.
However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.
36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?
A. The prospect of a thriving job market.
B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.
C. The possibility of full employment.
D. The acceleration of job creation.
此题问的是"Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?"即工作图景中的哪部分被忽视了？
可以到原文中确定此题的大致解题范围: 在第二段中发现了job picture 和overlook（neglect的同义词）--也即是这篇文章的第一段没有出题（通过精确定位可以避免对无关文字的深度阅读，从而节约时间，提高解题效率）。
However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent) above its year ago level.
然后对着两句精读:第二句说，报告自愿兼职工作的人的数量有一个很大的上升。这就是被忽略的内容。
看选项: 只有B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs和第二句意思一致。（rise=increase）.
37. Many people work part-time because they
A. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs
B. feel that is enough to make ends meet
C. cannot get their hands on full-time jobs
D. haven't seen the weakness of the market
37题做法和36类似：
根据顺序原则和精确定位的概念，可以看到第三段中出现了Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get.
其意思是: 很多人之所以做兼职，是因为他们只能得到兼职，而他们其实是想要全职的。
答案选C cannot get their hands on full-time jobs(get one's hands on意为获得)
38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US
A. is harder to acquire than one year ago
B. shows a general tendency of decline
C. satisfies the real need of the jobless
D. is lower than before the recession
38题定位到: An increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent) from its year ago level.
这句话中提到: 六月份中的不情愿兼职有所增长，但是整体的方向是向下的。这和B shows a general tendency of decline.(其中direction和tendency同义词；down和decline同义词。 )
39. It can be learned that with Obamacare, __________.
A. it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance
B. employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance
C. it is still challenging to get insurance for family members
D. full-time employment is still essential for insurance.
此题定位的关键是Obamacare.倒数第二段。
The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment.此句讲到，Obamacare的主要目标是让雇佣关系之外的人也获得保险。也即是，没有工作也有保险。这和B. employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance（precondition 先决条件 no longer 不再）
40. The text mainly discusses____________.
A. employment in the US
B. part-timer classification
C. insurance through Medicaid
D. Obamacare's trouble
此题考的是主旨: 文章中提到的full-time, Involuntary part-time ,voluntarypart-time 其实都是就业问题的具体体现，答案选A。
B只提到了part-time,以偏概全，并且没有讲分类问题。
C insurance 是原文的一个细节，只在最后出现，二细节是不能做主旨的。
D 错误方式和C相同。
总评
由于英语二针对专硕考生，故在出题时故意降低难度，在词法、句法、题型和选项上都考察基础能力，甚少涉及逻辑推理，重点考察语言层面上的理解。因此在整体备考上，大家需要以基础能力的培养为主。
而在解题层面，主要应该培养对于微观题型的把握能力，即精确定位和局部精读的技能。2015年只考了一道主旨题，也可以看出对于全篇文章的把握不是考研的重点。
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